高速轮轨系统动态脱轨理论及评价方法研究

项目名称： 高速轮轨系统动态脱轨理论及评价方法研究

项目编号： No.51305360

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 关庆华

作者单位： 西南交通大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 脱轨是危及铁路交通安全的重大问题，研究高速轮轨系统动态脱轨理论和评价准则对保障高速列车运行安全意义重大。针对脱轨过程中轮轨间的多点接触、非赫兹型共形接触和接触碰撞等复杂接触现象，本项目以精确的轮轨接触关系为基础，考虑轮轨柔性和轨道结构弹性，建立融合轮轨碰撞瞬态响应的轮对-轨道动态脱轨分析模型。为揭示高速轮轨系统动态脱轨机理，通过数值模拟轮对从正常接触向轮缘接触至最终脱轨的完整动力学过程，以确定高速运行条件关键影响因素（如高速旋转陀螺效应、曲线离心力、轮对柔性、载荷状态、运行速度、轨道弹性、型面服役状态和轮轨碰撞等）的影响规律，并探索从运行条件和运动状态角度提出更准确适用的动态脱轨评价准则。基于上述基础，进一步研究车辆结构、载荷状态、悬挂系统参变、高速蛇行失稳、型面服役状态及线路条件等典型因素对我国高速列车动态脱轨的影响规律，提出相应的评价方法和控制措施。

中文关键词： 高速轮轨；动态脱轨；脱轨机理；评价方法；

英文摘要： Train derailment is an important problem which endangers the safety of railway transportation; therefore, studies on the dynamical derailment mechanisms of high-speed wheel/rail systems and the evaluation criteria are of great significance to the running safety of high-speed train. Based on the deep understanding of wheel/rail interaction, a dynamical derailment model of high-speed wheelset-track system will first be developed, in which the transient responses of wheel-rail collision are taken into account together with flexibilities of wheelset and rails, track elasticity and the complicated contact conditions such as multiple-contact, contact lose and Non-Hertzian conformal contact. To reveal the mechanisms of dynamic derailment of high-speed wheel/rail systems, the influences of key factors such as the gyroscopic effects, centrifugal force through curves, flexibilities of axle and wheel web, force conditions, speed, track elasticity, worn profiles and wheel-rail impact will be studied through simulating the dynamical derailment process of high-speed wheelset, i.e. from normal contact to flanging contact till final derailment. New criteria on dynamical derailment will be developed from running conditions and motion based on the dynamic simulations. Finally, the dynamical derailment mechanisms of high-speed whe

英文关键词： High-speed wheel/rail；dynamical derailment；derailment mechanism；evaluation method；