飞机地面牵引载荷分析与控制技术研究

项目名称： 飞机地面牵引载荷分析与控制技术研究

项目编号： No.U1233104

项目类型： 联合基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 电子学与信息系统

项目作者： 刘晖

作者单位： 南京航空航天大学

项目金额： 36万元

中文摘要： 飞机地面牵引过程中，由于作业环境、突发事件或人的因素，不可避免会产生较大的牵引载荷，一旦超出飞机或其他设备相关部件的载荷限制，就可能造成事故。本项目以此为背景，进行飞机地面牵引过程有关牵引载荷及其影响的分析与控制研究，内容包括：1) 建立精细、可信的含“驾驶员”环节的“飞机－牵引杆－牵引车”系统动力学模型，借助试验对系统各重要结构的非线性特性、牵引动态过程进行准确描述。2) 较全面地研究包括“飞机－牵引车”重量匹配，牵引车悬架、启动和制动特性，牵引作业环境、路径以及“驾驶员”的工作反应、行为模式等因素对地面牵引载荷的影响，可以为相关规范的制订提供量化参考。3) 现行牵引作业中牵引载荷无法控制，遇到特殊情况或非正常作业时无法保证安全，本项目提出并研制一种新型可控缓冲特性牵引杆，可根据需要实时改变自身刚度和阻尼；研究适用的多目标优化自适应控制律，通过仿真和试验对其牵引载荷控制效果进行评估。

中文关键词： 飞机牵引；牵引载荷；载荷控制；；液压缓冲；牵引试验

英文摘要： Due to the result from bad operating situations, emergencies or human errors, it is usually inevitable that larger towing loads would be produced when the aircraft towed. Once the loads exceed the load limit of aircraft or other equipment’s components, it may cause an accident. Against this background, our project will conduct the study of analyzing and controlling the towing loads and its consequence. The main contents are as following: Firstly, we will model the “aircraft-towbar-tractor” system with driver in detail, and by test, develop accurate mathematical description of the important component’s nonlinear characteristics and dynamic towing process. Secondly, we will extensively research the influences on towing loads from the factors such as the weight matching between aircraft and tractor, the suspension characteristics, starting and braking performance, towing situation, towing path, response capability and behavior of the driver, etc. As a result, we could provide some quantized references for revision of relevant regulation in future. Finally, in order to improve the present situation that towing loads are uncontrollable and consequently safety can not been maintained when in special conditions or under non-normal operation, this project will propose and develop a new type towbar with controllable shoc

英文关键词： airplane towing；towing load；load congtrol；hydraulic buffer；towing test