Modeling correctly the transport of neutrinos is crucial in some astrophysical scenarios such as core-collapse supernovae and binary neutron star mergers. In this paper, we focus on the truncated-moment formalism, considering only the first two moments (M1 scheme) within the grey approximation, which reduces Boltzmann seven-dimensional equation to a system of $3+1$ equations closely resembling the hydrodynamic ones. Solving the M1 scheme is still mathematically challenging, since it is necessary to model the radiation-matter interaction in regimes where the evolution equations become stiff and behave as an advection-diffusion problem. Here, we present different global, high-order time integration schemes based on Implicit-Explicit Runge-Kutta (IMEX) methods designed to overcome the time-step restriction caused by such behavior while allowing us to use the explicit RK commonly employed for the MHD and Einstein equations. Finally, we analyze their performance in several numerical tests.
翻译:正确模拟中微子的迁移对于某些天体物理情景(如核心折叠超新星和二进制中子星合并)至关重要。 在本文中,我们只关注短时形式化,只考虑灰度近似中头两个时刻(M1计划),将波尔兹曼七维方程降低到与流体动力方程相近的3+1美元的方程中。解决M1方案在数学上仍然具有挑战性,因为有必要模拟进化方程变得僵硬并表现为消化问题的系统中的辐射-物质互动。在这里,我们提出了基于隐含式显性龙格-库塔(IMEX)的不同全球、高序时间整合计划,目的是克服这种行为造成的时间限制,同时允许我们使用MHD和爱因斯坦方程通常使用的明确的RK。最后,我们用数项测试分析其性能。