We propose a depth estimation method from a single-shot monocular endoscopic image using Lambertian surface translation by domain adaptation and depth estimation using multi-scale edge loss. We employ a two-step estimation process including Lambertian surface translation from unpaired data and depth estimation. The texture and specular reflection on the surface of an organ reduce the accuracy of depth estimations. We apply Lambertian surface translation to an endoscopic image to remove these texture and reflections. Then, we estimate the depth by using a fully convolutional network (FCN). During the training of the FCN, improvement of the object edge similarity between an estimated image and a ground truth depth image is important for getting better results. We introduced a muti-scale edge loss function to improve the accuracy of depth estimation. We quantitatively evaluated the proposed method using real colonoscopic images. The estimated depth values were proportional to the real depth values. Furthermore, we applied the estimated depth images to automated anatomical location identification of colonoscopic images using a convolutional neural network. The identification accuracy of the network improved from 69.2% to 74.1% by using the estimated depth images.
翻译:我们提出一个深度估计方法,从一个单发单眼单眼内分镜图像中进行深度估计,使用Lambertian表面翻译,通过多尺度边缘损失进行域上适应和深度估计;我们采用一个两步估计过程,包括从未偏移的数据和深度估计中进行Lambertian表面表面翻译;一个器官表面的纹理和视觉反射降低深度估计的准确性;我们用Lambertian表面翻译到一个内分镜图像,以去除这些纹理和反射;然后,我们用一个完全卷动的网络(FCN)来估计深度。在FCN培训期间,改善估计图像和地面真相深度图像之间的对象边缘近似性对于取得更好的结果十分重要。我们引入了一个肌肉边缘损失功能,以提高深度估计的准确性;我们用实际结肠镜图像对拟议方法进行了定量评估;估计深度值与实际深度值成正比;此外,我们用估计深度图像用一个卷心神经网络来自动地对结层图像进行解剖定位。 通过估计,将网络的识别精确度从69.2%提高至74.1%。