Hybrid modelling reduces the misspecification of expert models by combining them with machine learning (ML) components learned from data. Similarly to many ML algorithms, hybrid model performance guarantees are limited to the training distribution. Leveraging the insight that the expert model is usually valid even outside the training domain, we overcome this limitation by introducing a hybrid data augmentation strategy termed \textit{expert augmentation}. Based on a probabilistic formalization of hybrid modelling, we demonstrate that expert augmentation, which can be incorporated into existing hybrid systems, improves generalization. We empirically validate the expert augmentation on three controlled experiments modelling dynamical systems with ordinary and partial differential equations. Finally, we assess the potential real-world applicability of expert augmentation on a dataset of a real double pendulum.
翻译:混合建模通过将专家模型与从数据中学习的机器学习(ML)组件相结合,减少了专家模型的错误规定。与许多机器学习算法类似,混合模型性能保证仅限于训练分布。利用专家模型通常即使在训练域之外仍然有效的结论,我们通过引入一种名为专家增强的混合数据增强策略,克服了这种限制。基于混合建模的概率形式化,我们证明了专家增强可以提高泛化性能,并在三个受控实验上模拟具有普通微分方程和偏微分方程的动态系统。最后,我们在真实的双摆数据集上评估了专家增强在现实世界中的潜在适用性。