生物炭多孔结构的产甲烷过程微生物固着机制研究

项目名称： 生物炭多孔结构的产甲烷过程微生物固着机制研究

项目编号： No.41301247

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 吕豪豪

作者单位： 浙江省农业科学院

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 生物质炭化还田可能成为应对稻田甲烷排放的重要途径，而生物炭还田对稻田甲烷排放的影响仍存在争议。申请人前期的研究证明生物炭去除其易降解活性物质后，仍可对淹水水稻土的甲烷排放具有显著的抑制作用，推测生物炭可通过自身稳定多孔结构改变产甲烷微生物的生长附着环境进而影响甲烷排放。然而现有的研究缺乏更直接实验证据和相应的机理研究。因此，本项目拟开展不同生物质材料（乔木、灌木和草本植物生物质）和不同炭化条件对生物炭多孔结构形成的影响研究，制备不同来源不同孔径特征的生物炭材料，明确不同孔径结构生物炭对产甲烷及甲烷氧化微生物特异性诱导吸附、共价结合和微生物捕获效应机制，最终通过模型拟合初步阐明生物炭人为输入对稻田甲烷过程的影响机制，从而为生物炭控制稻田土壤生态系统甲烷排放提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 生物炭；炭化温度；多孔结构；炭化时间；甲烷排放

英文摘要： Although the application of biochar could be one of the promising approaches for reducing methane emission in paddy soil, the insight into the effects of biochar on methane emission in paddy soils still controversial. Our previous studies showed that the application of easily degradable substances-removed biochar could still significantly inhibit the methane emission in paddy soil. This intersting phenomenon indicated that biochar might affect the methane emission through the influence of its stable porous structure on colonization and activity of methane producing/oxidation microbes rather than the easily degradable substrances derived from biochar. Further reseach must be cosidered for direct experimental evidence digging and the corresponding mechanism interpretation. Hence, this project intends to find out the effect of different biomass materials (arbor, shrub and herb biomass) and the different carbonization conditions on the porous structure formation and distribution. Further, different pore fractal characteristics of biochars will be prepared for microbe immobilization experiment. Three main mechanisms of microbe immobilizations such as surface adsorption, covalent bonding to carrier, and entrapment in macroporosity will be taken into consideration to explain the relationship between biochar pore fracta

英文关键词： Biochar；Carbonization Temperature；Carbonization Time；Porous Structure；Methane Emissions