黄海底栖纤毛虫的群落结构与功能群作用

项目名称： 黄海底栖纤毛虫的群落结构与功能群作用

项目编号： No.41306153

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 孟昭翠

作者单位： 中国科学院海洋研究所

项目金额： 24万元

中文摘要： 海洋沉积物中栖息着数量庞大、种类丰富的纤毛虫，是底栖微食物网的重要组成部分。但有关海洋潮间带和陆架海域底栖纤毛虫的群落结构变异、驱动因子及功能群的作用等方面尚不清楚。本项目拟采用新近发展的密度梯度离心提取与定量蛋白银染色法，研究黄海潮间带和陆架海域沉积物中纤毛虫的种类构成、分布和多样性特点，并依据纤毛虫的食性进行功能群的划分，分析底栖纤毛虫的群落结构和功能群随区域、季节及沉积环境的变化，阐明影响其群落结构和功能群变动的主要环境因子。此外采用荧光标记技术，研究不同类型沉积物中底栖纤毛虫对细菌和硅藻的摄食率，揭示底栖纤毛虫的摄食影响。本研究将在摸清黄海底栖纤毛虫群落结构的基础上，探索该类群不同功能群的作用，为揭示纤毛虫在黄海底栖生态系统中的作用提供重要资料。

中文关键词： 黄海；群落结构；多样性；功能群；底栖纤毛虫

英文摘要： Marine benthic habitats harbor numerous and diverse ciliates which are considered to be important component of benthic microbial food webs. However, the variation of community structure and driving factors as well as functional role of benthic ciliates in the marine intertidal and offshore sediments are still largely not known. Using the newly developed method of density gradient centrifugation combined with protargol stain, we aim to (1) investigate the benthic ciliate community composition, distribution, diversity, and functional composition in the intertidal and offshore sediments from the Yellow Sea, (2) analyze the variation of community structure and functional composition between the intertidal and offshore sediments and between different seasons as well as sediment types, and (3) clarify environmental factors which regulate the community structure and functional composition of benthic ciliates. Moreover, we will determine the bacterivory and herbivory of benthic ciliates in different sediment types using fluorescently labeled bacteria and diatoms in order to evaluate the grazing impact of benthic ciliate on the standing stocks of bacteria and diatoms. The project is expected to explore the functional role of benthic ciliates based on the community structure, and to provide the fundamental data on the eco

英文关键词： Yellow Sea；community structure；diversity；functional group；benthic ciliates