Learning not cheating: AI assistance can enhance rather than hinder skill development

It is widely believed that outsourcing cognitive work to AI boosts immediate productivity at the expense of long-term human capital development. An overlooked possibility is that AI tools can support skill development by providing just-in-time, high-quality, personalized examples. In this investigation, lay forecasters predicted that practicing writing cover letters with an AI tool would impair learning compared to practicing writing letters without the tool. However, in a highly-powered pre-registered experiment, participants randomly assigned to practice writing with AI improved more on a writing test one day later compared to writers assigned to practice without AI. Notably, writers given access to the AI tool improved more despite exerting less effort, whether measured by time on task, keystrokes, or subjective ratings. We replicated and extended these results in a second pre-registered experiment, showing that writers given access to the AI tool again outperformed those who practiced on their own -- but performed no better than writers merely shown an AI-generated cover letter that they could not edit. Collectively, these findings constitute an existence proof that by providing personalized examples of high-quality work, AI tools can improve, rather than undermine, learning.