A recourse action aims to explain a particular algorithmic decision by showing one specific way in which the instance could be modified to receive an alternate outcome. Existing recourse generation methods often assume that the machine learning model does not change over time. However, this assumption does not always hold in practice because of data distribution shifts, and in this case, the recourse action may become invalid. To redress this shortcoming, we propose the Distributionally Robust Recourse Action (DiRRAc) framework, which generates a recourse action that has a high probability of being valid under a mixture of model shifts. We formulate the robustified recourse setup as a min-max optimization problem, where the max problem is specified by Gelbrich distance over an ambiguity set around the distribution of model parameters. Then we suggest a projected gradient descent algorithm to find a robust recourse according to the min-max objective. We show that our DiRRAc framework can be extended to hedge against the misspecification of the mixture weights. Numerical experiments with both synthetic and three real-world datasets demonstrate the benefits of our proposed framework over state-of-the-art recourse methods.
翻译:追索行动的目的是通过展示一种具体的方式来解释特定的算法决定,通过展示一种特定的方式,可以对案例进行修改以获得替代结果。现有的追索生成方法往往假定机器学习模式不会随时间而改变。然而,这一假设并不总能维持在实际中,因为数据分布的变化,而在本案中,追索行动可能变得无效。为了纠正这一缺陷,我们建议采用分配式强力追索行动框架(DIRRAc),这一框架会产生一种追索行动,在模型变换的混合下,这种追索行动极有可能有效。我们把稳健的追索机制设计成一个微量最大优化问题,因为Gelbrich距离对模型参数分布的模糊性作了说明。然后,我们建议采用一个预测的梯度下降算法,以便找到一个符合微量目标的稳健的追索方法。我们提出的DRRRACc框架可以扩大,以防范混合权重度的错误区分。合成数据和三个真实世界数据集的数值实验显示了我们提议的框架对状态追索权方法的好处。