In recent years, the concept of continuous-aperture MIMO (CAP-MIMO) is reinvestigated to achieve improved communication performance with limited antenna apertures. Unlike the classical MIMO composed of discrete antennas, CAP-MIMO has a continuous antenna surface, which is expected to generate any current distribution (i.e., pattern) and induce controllable spatial electromagnetic waves. In this way, the information can be modulated on the electromagnetic waves, which makes it promising to approach the ultimate capacity of finite apertures. The pattern design is the key factor to determine the system performance of CAP-MIMO, but it has not been well studied in the literature. In this paper, we propose the pattern-division multiplexing to design the patterns for CAP-MIMO. Specifically, we first derive the system model of a typical CAP-MIMO system, which allows us to formulate the capacity maximization problem. Then we propose a general pattern-division multiplexing technique to transform the design of continuous pattern functions to the design of their projection lengths on finite orthogonal bases, which is able to overcome the design challenge of continuous functions. Based on this technique, we further propose an alternating optimization based pattern design scheme to solve the formulated capacity maximization problem. Simulation results show that, the capacity achieved by the proposed scheme is about 260% higher than that achieved by the benchmark scheme, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed pattern-division multiplexing for CAP-MIMO.
翻译:近年来,对连续孔径(CAP-MIMO)概念进行了重新调查,以在有限的天孔范围内改进通信性能。与由离散天天线组成的典型MIMO不同的是,CAP-MIMO有一个连续天线表面,预计它会产生任何当前分布(即模式)和可控的空间电磁波。这样,信息就可以在电磁波上调整,从而有可能接近定点孔径的最终能力。模式设计是确定CAP-MIMO系统性能的关键因素,但文献中对此研究不够。在本文件中,我们提议对CAP-MIMO设计模式进行模式式的多动,具体地说,我们首先提出典型的CAP-MIMO系统的系统模型模型,从而使我们能够提出能力最大化问题。然后,我们提出一种总的模式-配置型多动技术,将连续模式功能的设计转换到其定点或多式基准的预测长度中,但文献中并未很好地研究。在本文件中,我们提出了模式的多动模式设计多动模式,以克服连续模型设计模式的设计挑战。在不断优化的模型上,因此,可以展示一种技术,通过实现的模型的模型的模型的模型,从而展示了不断优化的模型。