To date, the majority of positioning systems have been designed to operate within environments that have long-term stable macro-structure with potential small-scale dynamics. These assumptions allow the existing positioning systems to produce and utilize stable maps. However, in highly dynamic industrial settings these assumptions are no longer valid and the task of tracking people is more challenging due to the rapid large-scale changes in structure. In this paper we propose a novel positioning system for tracking people in highly dynamic industrial environments, such as construction sites. The proposed system leverages the existing CCTV camera infrastructure found in many industrial settings along with radio and inertial sensors within each worker's mobile phone to accurately track multiple people. This multi-target multi-sensor tracking framework also allows our system to use cross-modality training in order to deal with the environment dynamics. In particular, we show how our system uses cross-modality training in order to automatically keep track environmental changes (i.e. new walls) by utilizing occlusion maps. In addition, we show how these maps can be used in conjunction with social forces to accurately predict human motion and increase the tracking accuracy. We have conducted extensive real-world experiments in a construction site showing significant accuracy improvement via cross-modality training and the use of social forces.
翻译:迄今为止,大多数定位系统的设计都是为了在具有长期稳定的宏观结构且具有潜在小规模动态的环境内运作,这些假设使现有的定位系统能够制作和使用稳定的地图;然而,在高度动态的工业环境中,这些假设不再有效,由于结构的迅速大规模变化,跟踪人员的任务更具挑战性;在本文件中,我们提出一个新的定位系统,用于跟踪在高度动态工业环境中的人,如建筑工地;拟议的系统利用许多工业环境中发现的现有闭路电视摄像基础设施以及每个工人移动电话内的无线电和惯性传感器来准确跟踪多人;这一多目标多传感器跟踪框架还使我们的系统能够使用跨模式培训,以应对环境动态;特别是,我们展示我们的系统如何使用跨模式培训,以便利用封闭性地图自动跟踪环境变化(即新墙);此外,我们展示了这些地图如何与社会力量一起使用,以准确预测人类运动并提高跟踪的准确性;我们通过一个社会模型进行了广泛的现实世界范围的实验,展示了社会模型的精确性改进。