肌球蛋白II信号通路在视皮层发育及弱视发病中作用的研究

项目名称： 肌球蛋白II信号通路在视皮层发育及弱视发病中作用的研究

项目编号： No.31300907

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 毕爱玲

作者单位： 山东中医药大学

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 弱视是与视皮层发育相关、损害视觉健康的多发病，在视觉发育敏感期后其缺乏有效治疗，深入研究其发病机制有重要意义。肌球蛋白II可诱导海马神经元树突棘发育，其是否诱导视皮层突触结构可塑性并在弱视发病中发挥作用，尚不明确。本课题以单眼缝合大鼠为弱视模型，拟采用高尔基染色、透射电镜、突触体提取、免疫印迹、脑内埋管微量注射、行为学结合电生理学检测视锐度等技术，研究：一、正常大鼠视皮层发育过程中突触结构的变化；二、抑制肌动蛋白重排对突触结构和视力的影响；三、肌球蛋白 II是否调控肌动蛋白重排相关的突触结构可塑性；四、上述调控是否最终通过促进蛋白激酶Mzeta表达或活性变化进而诱导突触结构可塑性；进一步，肌球蛋白II-肌动蛋白-PKM zeta信号通路是否在弱视发病中发挥作用。本课题有助于深入认识视皮层发育及弱视发病的分子机制，为将来以肌球蛋白II、肌动蛋白和PKMzeta为靶点的弱视干预提供思路。

中文关键词： 肌动蛋白重排；突触；视皮层；弱视；近视

英文摘要： Amblyopia is a visual cortex development-related disease in children and adult. Because a lack of effective treatment after the sensitive period of visual development, it is of great importance to further study the pathogenesis of amblyopia. Myosin II takes centre stage in the maturation of the hippocampal dendrite spine during development. Whether myosin II signal pathway plays a role in the development of visual cortex and the pathogenesis of amblyopia was unknown. Using monocular eye suture rats for amblyopia model and the techniques of golgi staining, electron microscopy, synaptosome extraction, western blot analysis, cannula implantation into the visual cortex and microinjection, electrophysiological visual acuity and behavioral visual acuity detection techniques, we will address the following questions: First, does structural synaptic plasticity occur during visual cortex development? Second, does actin rearrangement regulate the structural synaptic plasticity and visual acuity? Third, can the activity of myosin II regulate actin rearrangement-related structural synaptic plasticity during visual cortex development? Fourth, does myosin II regulate actin rearrangement-related structural synaptic plasticity through the regulation of expression or activity of PKM zeta? Furthermore, does the myosin II-actin

英文关键词： actin rearrangement；synapse；visual cortex；amblyopia；myopia