基于背压连续可调的燃煤发电机组变负荷控制方法研究

项目名称： 基于背压连续可调的燃煤发电机组变负荷控制方法研究

项目编号： No.51306051

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 能源与动力工程

项目作者： 王玮

作者单位： 华北电力大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 提高互补电源的变负荷运行能力可以在更大范围上平抑新能源电力的强随机波动性，为实现新能源电力的规模化并网奠定基础。中国以燃煤发电为主导的电源结构布局决定了燃煤发电机组必须成为新能源电源的主要互补电源型式，同时还必须尽可能改善其变负荷运行性能。基于燃煤发电机组背压对出力影响大而快的特性，本项目提出基于背压连续可调的机组变负荷控制方法，在背压安全范围内，利用可调背压改善机组的变负荷运行性能；以湿冷机组为研究对象，循环水泵变频调速是实现其背压连续可调的基本手段，项目基于机理分析与数据挖掘方法，建立变频循环水泵电机转速对机组背压以及机组背压对输出功率的特性模型；在此模型基础上，研究上述变负荷控制方法的控制范围及经济性受损情况；提出将上述变负荷控制方法作为机炉协调控制的辅助调节方式，以弥补燃煤发电机组锅炉侧的大迟延大惯性特性，从而最大限度地提高机组变负荷运行能力。

中文关键词： 燃煤发电；变负荷；背压；变频循环水泵；协调控制

英文摘要： Peaking power sources with better power adjustment performance will restrain the fluctuation of renewable energy sources, which will do great help to the large scale grid-connection of renewable energy sources. The power layout structure in China determines that the coal-fired power units should become the main peaking power sources for the renewable energy, and improve their power adjustment performance. Based on the condenser pressure's large and rapid influence on the turbine power, the author proposes to improve the power adjustment performance of coal-fired power units through the condenser pressure adjustment, and establish the "condenser pressure peaking method". Focusing on the wet-cooled units, we will make research on the characteristics of motor speed to the condenser pressure, and the condenser pressure to the turbine power through the mechanism analysis and data mining. We will analyze the range and speed of adjustable power based on the above characteristics. Finally, the project puts forward to take use of the "condenser pressure peaking method" as an auxiliary approach for the coordinated control system to make up the large delay and inertia of boiler, which is helpful to improve the power adjustment performance of coal-fired power units.

英文关键词： coal-fired power generation；power load variation；condenser pressure；variable-speed pump for condenser；coordinated control