We propose a relative entropy gradient sampler (REGS) for sampling from unnormalized distributions. REGS is a particle method that seeks a sequence of simple nonlinear transforms iteratively pushing the initial samples from a reference distribution into the samples from an unnormalized target distribution. To determine the nonlinear transforms at each iteration, we consider the Wasserstein gradient flow of relative entropy. This gradient flow determines a path of probability distributions that interpolates the reference distribution and the target distribution. It is characterized by an ODE system with velocity fields depending on the density ratios of the density of evolving particles and the unnormalized target density. To sample with REGS, we need to estimate the density ratios and simulate the ODE system with particle evolution. We propose a novel nonparametric approach to estimating the logarithmic density ratio using neural networks. Extensive simulation studies on challenging multimodal 1D and 2D mixture distributions and Bayesian logistic regression on real datasets demonstrate that the REGS outperforms the state-of-the-art sampling methods included in the comparison.
翻译:我们建议使用相对英特罗比的非线性梯度采样器(REGS)进行非正常分布的采样。 REGS是一种粒子方法,它寻求一种简单的非线性变异序列,将初始样品从参考分布中迭接地从未经正常的目标分布中推入样品中。 为了确定每次迭代时的非线性变异, 我们考虑的是相对英特罗比的瓦西尔斯坦梯度流。 这个梯度流决定了一种概率分布路径, 从而对参考分布和目标分布进行内插。 它的特点是一个具有速度字段的 ODE 系统, 速度域取决于演变中粒子密度和非正常目标密度的密度比率。 要对REGS进行取样, 我们需要估算密度比率, 模拟ODE 系统, 并用粒子演进化。 我们提出一种新的非线网络来估计对数密度比率的非线性方法。 对具有挑战的多式1D和2D混合物分布进行广泛的模拟研究, 对真实数据集的Bayesian逻辑回归显示, REGS 超过了比较中所包含的最新取样方法。