Previous studies in the perimeter defense game have largely focused on the fully observable setting where the true player states are known to all players. However, this is unrealistic for practical implementation since defenders may have to perceive the intruders and estimate their states. In this work, we study the perimeter defense game in a photo-realistic simulator and the real world, requiring defenders to estimate intruder states from vision. We train a deep machine learning-based system for intruder pose detection with domain randomization that aggregates multiple views to reduce state estimation errors and adapt the defensive strategy to account for this. We newly introduce performance metrics to evaluate the vision-based perimeter defense. Through extensive experiments, we show that our approach improves state estimation, and eventually, perimeter defense performance in both 1-defender-vs-1-intruder games, and 2-defenders-vs-1-intruder games.
翻译:此前的周边防御游戏研究主要侧重于所有玩家都了解真正玩家的国家的完全可见的环境。 但是,这对于实际执行来说是不现实的,因为捍卫者可能不得不看到入侵者并估计他们的状况。 在这项工作中,我们用摄影现实模拟器和真实世界来研究周边防御游戏,要求捍卫者用视觉来估计入侵者的国家。我们训练了一个深机器的入侵者学习系统,以域随机化方式进行探测,将多种观点集中在一起,以减少国家估计错误,并调整防御战略以对此进行解释。我们新引入了性能指标来评估基于视觉的周边防御。我们通过广泛的实验,表明我们的方法改善了国家估计,并最终改善了1-defender-v-1-us-ruder游戏和2-defenders-vs-1-ruderer游戏的周边防御性表现。