Downtime of industrial assets such as wind turbines and medical imaging devices comes at a sharp cost. To avoid such downtime costs, companies seek to initiate maintenance just before failure. Unfortunately, this is challenging for the following two reasons: On the one hand, because asset failures are notoriously difficult to predict, even in the presence of real-time monitoring devices which signal early degradation. On the other hand, because the available resources to serve a network of geographically dispersed assets are typically limited. In this paper, we propose a novel dynamic traveling maintainer problem with alerts model that incorporates these two challenges and we provide three solution approaches on how to dispatch the limited resources. Namely, we propose: (i) Greedy heuristic approaches that rank assets on urgency, proximity and economic risk; (ii) A novel traveling maintainer heuristic approach that optimizes short-term costs; and (iii) A deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approach that optimizes long-term costs. Each approach has different requirements concerning the available alert information. Experiments with small asset networks show that all methods can approximate the optimal policy when given access to complete condition information. For larger networks, the proposed methods yield competitive policies, with DRL consistently achieving the lowest costs.
翻译:工业资产(如风轮机和医疗成像装置)的停机期成本高昂。为了避免这种停机期成本,公司试图在停机期之前启动维护。不幸的是,这具有挑战性,原因有二:(一) 资产失灵是难以预测的,即使存在表明早期退化的实时监测装置,也很难预测;另一方面,由于为地域分散的资产网络提供服务的现有资源通常有限,因此,我们建议采用新的动态旅行维持者问题模型,其中包括这两个挑战,我们为如何发送有限资源提供了三种解决办法。也就是说,我们提议:(一) 将资产排在紧迫性、接近性和经济风险等级的贪婪超常做法;(二) 新的旅行维持超常性做法,优化短期成本;(三) 深度强化学习(DRL) 方法,优化长期成本。每种方法都有关于现有预警信息的不同要求。与小型资产网络的实验表明,在获得完整条件信息时,所有方法都可能与最佳政策相近。对于大型网络来说,拟议的方法产生持续的竞争成本。