Online trajectory planners enable quadrotors to safely and smoothly navigate in unknown cluttered environments. However, tuning parameters is challenging since modern planners have become too complex to mathematically model and predict their interaction with unstructured environments. This work takes humans out of the loop by proposing a planner parameter adaptation framework that formulates objectives into two complementary categories and optimizes them asynchronously. Objectives evaluated with and without trajectory execution are optimized using Bayesian Optimization (BayesOpt) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), respectively. By combining two kinds of objectives, the total convergence rate of the black-box optimization is accelerated while the dimension of optimized parameters can be increased. Benchmark comparisons demonstrate its superior performance over other strategies. Tests with changing obstacle densities validate its real-time environment adaption, which is difficult for prior manual tuning. Real-world flights with different drone platforms, environments, and planners show the proposed framework's scalability and effectiveness.
翻译:在线轨迹规划者使四重体能够在未知的杂乱环境中安全而顺利地航行。然而,调试参数具有挑战性,因为现代规划者已经变得过于复杂,无法从数学角度进行模型模型和预测他们与无结构环境的互动。这项工作通过提议一个规划者参数调整框架,将目标分为两个互补类别,并使之尽可能优化,将人类从循环中带走。用和不使用轨迹执行来评价的目标,将分别使用巴耶西亚最佳化(Bayesian Optimization)和粒子蒸汽优化(PSO)优化(PSO)加以优化。通过将两种目标结合起来,黑箱优化的总趋同率加快,而优化参数的维度则可以提高。基准比较表明其优于其他战略。随着障碍密度的变化进行的测试验证了其实时环境的适应性,这对于先前的手工调整是困难的。使用不同的无人机平台、环境和规划者展示了拟议框架的可扩展性和有效性。