The presence of measurement error is a widespread issue which, when ignored, can render the results of an analysis unreliable. Numerous corrections for the effects of measurement error have been proposed and studied, often under the assumption of a normally distributed, additive measurement error model. One such method is simulation extrapolation, or SIMEX. In many situations observed data are non-symmetric, heavy-tailed, or otherwise highly non-normal. In these settings, correction techniques relying on the assumption of normality are undesirable. We propose an extension to the simulation extrapolation method which is nonparametric in the sense that no specific distributional assumptions are required on the error terms. The technique is implemented when either validation data or replicate measurements are available, and is designed to be immediately accessible for those familiar with simulation extrapolation.
翻译:测量误差的存在是一个普遍的问题,如果忽视它可能导致分析结果不可靠。针对测量误差影响的许多修正方法已经被提出和研究,通常基于正态分布、加性测量误差模型假设。其中一种方法是模拟外推或SIMEX。在许多情况下,观察数据是非对称、重尾或者其他高度非正常的。在这些情况下,依赖于正态性假设的修正技术是不可取的。我们提出了一种扩展的模拟外推方法,它是非参数的,不需要对误差项做任何具体的分布假设。这种技术是在验证数据或者复制测量数据可用时实现的,并且旨在为那些熟悉模拟外推的人员提供直接可用的方法。