辽西北灌区玉米干旱灾害动态风险预警与玉米灌溉调控模拟研究

项目名称： 辽西北灌区玉米干旱灾害动态风险预警与玉米灌溉调控模拟研究

项目编号： No.41501559

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 刘晓静

作者单位： 吉林师范大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 针对传统农业干旱灾害风险评价、预警和农田灌溉水分配中存在的问题，本研究以受旱灾影响严重的辽西北地区的灌区为研究区，以玉米不同生育阶段为切入点，综合运用室内外实验、数理方法、作物生长动力模拟模型和3S 技术，通过对玉米干旱灾害风险的形成机理和玉米灌溉调控方法等基础问题的研究，融合遥感、地面观测、气象等多源数据，构建“干旱早期识别—干旱灾害动态风险评价”的玉米干旱灾害动态风险预警体系和干旱灾害动态风险缓解曲线，模拟不同风险情景下的玉米有效灌溉量，实现预警结果与有效灌溉的一体化、实时化。其研究成果可推广到我国其它农田灌区，推动农业干旱灾害风险管理研究的进程，为政府相关部门和农田管理者制定农业干旱灾害管理对策和灌溉减灾规划提供理论依据和技术支撑，对保障粮食安全、降低旱灾损失、实现农业水资源的有效利用具有重要意义。

中文关键词： 旱灾；应急管理；应急资源；遥感监测；空间分析

英文摘要： This project takes the irrigation area in the northwest of Liaoning province as the case study, where was severely affected by the drought disaster. And it is focused on the traditional agricultural problems about drought disaster risk assessment, the early warning and the irrigation water allocation in farmland. By studying on the basic theory of the formation mechanism of drought disaster risk and the maize irrigation control ways, this project build the early warning system and the mitigation curve of the dynamic risk of maize drought disaster, and simulate the effective irrigation of maize under different risk scenarios. They play a significant role in achieving their function in making the mitigation measures of irrigation. Based on the different growth stages of the maize, fusing the multi-source, and the integrated use of indoor and outdoor experiments, mathematical methods, dynamic simulation models of crop growth and 3S technology, the model building of the dynamic risk assessment of maize drought, the integrated and real-time of the early warning results and the effective irrigation will be achieved. The research achievements can be extended to other farmland irrigation area in China, promote the process of agricultural drought disaster risk management research, and provide the theoretical basis and technical support for relevant government departments and farmland manager to make countermeasures and mitigation plans of drought disaster. And it is also very significant to food security, reduce drought losses and efficient use of agricultural water resources.

英文关键词： drought disaster;emergency management;mitigation resource;remote sensing monitoring;spatial analysis