水杨酸增强杏果实采后低温耐受性机理的研究

项目名称： 水杨酸增强杏果实采后低温耐受性机理的研究

项目编号： No.31260408

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 朱璇

作者单位： 新疆农业大学

项目金额： 50万元

中文摘要： 杏属于呼吸跃变型果实，采后后熟衰老迅速，抗病能力下降，腐烂损失非常严重。低温冷藏能有效抑制杏果采后腐烂和品质下降, 但杏果对低温环境敏感，在低温下贮藏易引起冷害，冷害的发生限制了低温贮藏技术在杏果采后贮运中的应用，如何增强杏果实采后对低温的耐受性，控制冷害的发生，已成为杏采后贮运产业中亟需解决的问题。水杨酸（SA）是一种广泛存在于高等植物中的简单酚类物质，是重要的内源信号分子，在调节植物的抗逆反应和植物的生长发育进程中起着重要作用。本课题系统研究了SA处理对杏果实采后贮运过程中冷害发病率、冷害指数和贮藏品质的影响，并通过研究SA对杏果实膜脂脂肪酸组成、活性氧代谢、内源多胺、乙烯和脱落酸含量变化、热激蛋白合成、细胞壁物质代谢和组织超微结构等因素的影响，确定SA增强杏果实采后低温耐受性的机理，本课题的研究可为杏果实贮藏期间冷害的防治提供新思路，并为SA在采后果实低温适应性诱导方面提供理论参考。

中文关键词： 水杨酸；冷害；活性氧；多胺；超微结构

英文摘要： Apricot fruit is a type of climacteric fruit and post-harvest losses was very important caused by rapid fruit ripening and declining disease resistance. Post-harvest decay and quality deterioration of apricot fruits could be effectively inhibited by cold storage. But chilling injury easily produced as a result of apricot fruits sensitivity to low temperature. The application of cold storage technology on the storage and transportation of apricot fruits was limited by chilling injury incidence. Salicylic acid (SA) and is endogenous signal molecules, playing pivotal roles in regulating stress responses and plant developmental processes. The effect of SA on chilling injury incidence, chilling injury index and storage quality of apricot fruits were studied in this experiment. The mechanism of enhanced tolerance to low temperature of apricot fruits by SA were determined through studying the effect of SA on fatty acidcompositionofplastidmembranes, active oxygen metabolism, the content change of endogenous polyamines and abscisic acid , ethylene biosynthesis, heat shock proteins synthesis, the metabolism of cell wall substances and tissue ultrastructure. The objective of this study was to provide the new idea for control of chilling injury in apricot fruits during storage, and the other hand, to give theoretical guide

英文关键词： salicylic acid；chilling injury；active oxygen；polyamines；ultrastructure