多倍体西瓜枯萎病抗性DNA甲基化调控机制研究

项目名称： 多倍体西瓜枯萎病抗性DNA甲基化调控机制研究

项目编号： No.31672178

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2017

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 刘文革

作者单位： 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 枯萎病是一种西瓜栽培中常见的土传病害，已成为限制西瓜生产的主要因素之一，只有通过轮作、抗枯萎病品种选育和嫁接栽培才能有效克服枯萎病的影响。申请者对不同倍性的西瓜幼苗进行枯萎病菌生理小种1接种鉴定，发现多倍体对枯萎病抗性强于其同源二倍体，但是多倍体西瓜的枯萎病抗病机理还不清楚。本项目拟以同基因型的二倍体、三倍体、四倍体西瓜和由四倍体回复突变形成的二倍体为材料，通过苗期接种枯萎病病原菌生理小种1鉴定不同材料的枯萎病抗性，比较接种前后不同倍性西瓜材料中细胞受伤害情况和枯萎病菌的侵染过程，比较接种前后不同倍性材料全基因组DNA甲基化变化及甲基化差异基因的表达，研究结果将从细胞学和表观遗传学层面阐明多倍性西瓜枯萎病抗性的优势机理，最终为多倍体西瓜抗病育种尤其是抗枯萎病育种提供新的策略与理论依据。

中文关键词： 西瓜；多倍体；枯萎病；DNA甲基化

英文摘要： Watermelon Fusarium wilt is an important soil-borne disease, which restricts watermelon production in all areas in the world, only crop rotation, cultivars resistant to fusarium wilt and grafting would alleviate watermelon fusarium wilt. The resistance of different ploidy watermelon to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum race 1 were identified, and polyploidy watermelon showed stronger resistance than their homologous diploid, but the disease resistance mechanism of polyploidy watermelon is still unclear. In this research, the different ploidy watermelon including the same genotype diploid, triploid, tetraploid and the diploid which is reverse mutation formed by tetraploid will be used as materials. The disease resistance of different materials to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum race 1 will be identified during seedling period. The structure of root and stem cell, the infection process of the fungal, the alteration of DNA methylation, the expression of differences DNA methylation gene will be compared. The mechanism of polyploidy watermelon wilt disease resistance will be explained through cytology and epigenetics, and this study will provide theoretical basis and some useful information for polyploidy watermelon disease resistance breeding.

英文关键词： watermelon ;polyploidy;Fusarium Wilt;DNA methylation