项目名称: 基于DNA分子标记的黄蜻种群遗传多样性和遗传结构研究
项目编号: No.31460489
项目类型: 地区科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2015
项目学科: 农业科学
项目作者: 曹玲珍
作者单位: 江西师范大学
项目金额: 50万元
中文摘要: 黄蜻是一种季节性迁飞的蜻蜓目昆虫。它在控制害虫种群数量方面起到重要的作用。随着人类活动和气候变化,蜻蜓物种多样性衰退在世界范围内出现。近年来,我国黄蜻数量正在逐渐减少,而有关黄蜻种群遗传结构和遗传多样性在分子水平上的研究还很少报道。采用大尺度空间研究黄蜻种群遗传结构和遗传多样性,明确不同地理种群之间的进化关系,有利于了解黄蜻在不同生存环境下的适应进化机制,从而保护其物种多样性,达到更有效地控制害虫危害。本项目拟采用微卫星和线粒体DNA分子标记技术,从种群遗传学和进化学角度对黄蜻种群遗传多样性、遗传结构,种群间的基因流和地理分布格局以及迁飞扩散进行系统性研究。通过综合分析我国和周边国家(印度和日本)黄蜻样本的分子数据,推断黄蜻在我国的分子系统发育,阐明我国黄蜻在不同环境下的适应进化机制和在控制害虫方面的运用。本项目的研究能为黄蜻遗传资源地科学管理和利用天敌昆虫对害虫进行生物防治提供参考和指导
中文关键词: 蜻蜓目;分子标记;害虫防治;天敌昆虫;遗传多样性
英文摘要: Pantala flavescens belonging to Odonate insects engages in seasonal migration and plays an important role in controlling pest populations.With the climate change and human activities, odonate species diversity has been declined throughout the world. In recent years, the quantity of Pantala flavescens reduce gradually, however the research on their population genetic structure and the genetic diversity is rarely reported at the level of the molecular level in China. In order to investigate adaptive evolutionary mechanism of Pantala flavescens in different habitats, to protect species diversity and make good use of them to control insect pest, it is necessary to study the population genetic structures and genetic diversity at large scale area. The project will study the genetic variation, population structure, gene flow and geography distribution pattern by using microsatellite DNA markers and mitochondrial DNA markers. Furthermore, by combining analysis the molecular data of Pantala flavescens from China and peripheral countries (India and Japan), we can deduce molecular phylogeny and clarify the value of Pantala flavescens in controlling pests. The resolution of the above key questions can give an important aid for scientific management of genetic resources and an integrated pest management strategy for natural enemy insect.
英文关键词: Odonata;molecular marker;pest control;natural enemy insects;genetic diversity