唐古特大黄次生代谢适应的遗传机制

项目名称： 唐古特大黄次生代谢适应的遗传机制

项目编号： No.31200245

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 微生物学、植物学

项目作者： 胡延萍

作者单位： 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 次生代谢是植物在长期进化中对生态环境适应的结果，其适应环境的内在因素是由基因控制的，植物表型性状变异与遗传结构的关联是研究植物适应进化的关键。唐古特大黄是青藏高原特有、多年生草本植物，是研究植物长期进化过程中环境适应的较好材料。大黄是闻名中外的我国大宗药材，蒽醌类化合物是其重要的次生代谢产物及有效成分，其它蓼科植物中蒽醌类化合物的代谢途径研究已比较深入，植物Ⅲ型聚酮化合物合酶（PKS）是其代谢的关键酶。本项目选取唐古特大黄为研究对象，对其蒽醌类组成特征及次生代谢相关基因PKS家系的单核苷酸变异和种群结构进行研究；通过候选基因关联分析，确定与次生代谢相关的基因标记及序列，探讨唐古特大黄次生代谢表型适应与遗传进化的关系，进而分析其次生代谢适应的遗传机制。为进一步发掘次生代谢特异基因及其表达调控、优异种质基因筛选和种质资源创新提供新思路。

中文关键词： 唐古特大黄；关联分析；蒽醌类；ISSR；PKS

英文摘要： Secondary metabolism results from the adaptation to environment during a long period of plant evolution. The internal factor of plant adaptation to environment is determined by genes. And the key point of plant adaptation and evolution is the relationship between phenotypic characters and genetic structure. As a perennial herb endemic to Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Rheum tanguticum is a good material for adaptation and evolution study. Well known all over the world, R. tanguticum is a famous Chinese medicinal plant. Anthraquinones are important secondary metabolites and active ingredients of R. tanguticum. The study on metabolism of anthraquinones in other Polygonaceae plants is much more thorough and plant polyketide synthase Ⅲ (PKS) is the key enzyme during this process. In this project, as the material, R. tanguticum is studied for the composition characteristic of anthranquinones, single nucleotide variation of PKS genes and population genetic structure as well. By way of candidate-gene association analysis, some gene markers and gene sequences with secondary metabolism are identified. The relationship between adaptation of secondary metabolism and genetic evolution is explored. Besides, all the studies above are ultimately to discuss the genetic mechanism of the adaptation of secondary metabolism. The project

英文关键词： Rheum tanguticum；association analysis；anthraquinones；ISSR；PKS