高原鼠兔社群迁入个体的个性特征与繁殖成功率

项目名称： 高原鼠兔社群迁入个体的个性特征与繁殖成功率

项目编号： No.31300320

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 曲家鹏

作者单位： 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 个性特征是指动物稳定的、可遗传的行为特征，能够影响其自身及子代的存活、繁殖及迁移扩散等多个方面。已有研究表明，个性特征如攻击、冒失、探究性强的个体更易于扩散。个体迁入新的社群后是否保持较高水平的个性特征，能否获得较大的繁殖成功率，对避免近亲繁殖和维持种群遗传多样性具有重要的生态学意义。本项申请拟以高原鼠兔为对象，应用整合动物学思想，采用种群生态学、行为生态学及分子生物学的原理与技术，比较社群迁入与恋巢个体攻击、冒失及探究性的差异，探讨个性特征与社会等级、领域范围以及激素水平的关系，阐明个性特征对繁殖成功率的作用格局。旨在检验社群迁入个体具有较高的攻击、冒失及探究性，占有较高的社群地位和较大的领域范围，进而拥有更多子代的假设，回答小哺乳动物个性特征如何影响其空间活动、繁殖模式等科学问题，为理解动物的适应性进化、阐明种群基因流动和遗传多样性保持的行为学机制提供必要的理论基础。

中文关键词： 高原鼠兔；个性特征；迁入个体；繁殖成功率；

英文摘要： Animal personality refers to consistent individual differences in behaviour, and it has been demonstrated to be repeatable, heritable, and a predictor of some other ecological variables such as survival and reproduction. Previous researches have indicated that individuals with higher boldness/aggressiveness prefer to disperse. However, after an individual immigrating into a new social group, whether it can keep a "stable" personality, obtain higher social hierarchy and reproductive success is far from certain. Based on the thought of integrative zoology, we investigate personality, life history and reproduction of plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae), applying the theories and methods of population ecology, behavioural ecology, molecular biology and evolutionary biology. The aims of this study are as followings: (1) test the differences of personality between immigration and philopatry; (2) analyze the correlations among aggressiveness, boldness and exploratory; (3) examine the relationships between personality and social hierarchy, territory size as well as testosterone and cortisol level in feces; (4) explore effects of personality on reproductive success.

英文关键词： plateau pika；personality；immigrant；reproductive success；