金丝猴社会复杂性和个体关系动态变化与种群维持机制

项目名称： 金丝猴社会复杂性和个体关系动态变化与种群维持机制

项目编号： No.31470459

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 李明

作者单位： 中国科学院动物研究所

项目金额： 92万元

中文摘要： 金丝猴不仅是我国生物多样性保护的旗舰类群，而且也是现生灵长类动物中极少数具有重层社会结构的一类物种。其复杂的社会结构意味着可能存在着复杂的社会关系、独特的生境适应能力、复杂的种群稳定与维持机制等，而关于这方面的研究目前也是探讨灵长类和人类社会进化的一个关键科学问题。本项目以湖北神农架川金丝猴和云南塔城滇金丝猴两个群体为研究对象，基于个体识别并整合行为学、分子生态学和社会网络理论，通过两群体的个体空间配置、亲和、冲突、个体迁移、亲缘关系等方面的比较研究，量化分析OMU和AMU的动态变化规律，解析单元内、单元间复杂社会关系网络结构的形成与维持特点，探讨群体凝聚程度和个体聚群动力，找出在维持社会结构复杂性方便扮演重要角色的个体，阐明群体组织模式的建立特点，最终从量化的角度揭示金丝猴重层社会的复杂性以及种群的稳定与维持机制，并为金丝猴的保护和人类社会的进化研究提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 金丝猴；重层社会；社会网络分析；亲缘关系；种群维持机制

英文摘要： Snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecu spp.) are not only flagship species of biological diversity conservation in China, but have the most complex primate societies (multilevel society) of several extant monkeys in nonhuman primates. This society may have complicated individual relationships, the special habitat adaptability, and complex mechanism to maintain population stability. Study on social structure is one of basic scientific questions on evolution of extant primate and human societies. Two provisioned small populations of snub-nosed monkeys from the Shennongjia group of Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellanae) in Hubei and Tacheng group of Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys (R. bieti) will be selected as study subjects in this proposal, and its main goal is to analyze the dynamic changes of OMU and AMU quantitatively through comparative studies involving individual space distribution, affinity, conflict, migration and kinship by Integrating methods of behavioral science, molecular ecology with social network theory. Based on the individual recognition and kinship, we will also analyze the features of inter-unit and intra-unit social network, explore drive force of group cohesion, find the key individuals, and establish the organizational pattern. The clarification of the multilevel society's complexity and maintenance mechanism will provide theoretical support for the study of human society evolution and will bring light on monkeys' conservation.

英文关键词： snub-nosed monkeys;multilevel society;social network analysis;kunship;population maintain mechanism