发展性计算障碍：基因-脑-行为的研究

项目名称： 发展性计算障碍：基因-脑-行为的研究

项目编号： No.31470996

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 神经、认识与心理学

项目作者： 张丽

作者单位： 西南大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 发展性计算障碍多方面地影响儿童的身心发展，它会导致儿童的数学学习遭遇更多困难与挫折，使儿童形成消极的数学学习态度和情感、并对其师生关系、同伴关系以及亲子关系产生一定程度的消极影响。长远地看，还将影响儿童将来的职业选择和职业发展。本申请拟对以往关于发展性计算障碍的诊断标准和诊断任务进行全面梳理，基于更合理的、国际化的、标准的诊断标准和诊断任务，系统探究发展性计算障碍的成因，澄清发展计算障碍是领域一般因素缺陷引起的还是领域特殊因素缺陷引起的理论争议。揭示发展性计算障碍相关的电生理、脑结构、脑功能、多巴胺系统基因的特征。进一步地，展开探索性的干预研究，并综合行为的和神经生理指标检验干预效果。此外，亦将探讨发展性计算障碍儿童的心理弹性、心理行为问题及保护性因素。

中文关键词： 发展性计算障碍；儿童发展；认知缺陷成因；神经机制；基因多态性

英文摘要： Developmental Dyscalculia(DD) can affect the physical and mental development of children in many ways. It will make children suffer from great difficulties and setbacks in their learning of mathematics, which tends to lead to negative learning attitudes and emotions to mathematics. Furthermore, it may have negative influence on children's teacher-student relationship, peer relationship and the parent-child relationship to a certain extent. In the long run, it will impose severe restrictions on children's future occupational choice and development. Based on an overall summary of previous diagnostic criterias and tasks for DD, this project will adopt the international standard diagnosis criterias and tools to systematically explore the deficit causes of DD. We will clarify the theoretical debate about domain-general and domain-specific underpinning of DD. The related characteristics in electrophysiology, brain structure, brain function, dopaminergic system genes of DD will be revealed. Furthermore, this project will conduct an intervention research and inspect the effect of intervention by combining behavioral with neurophysiological indexes. In addition, we will investigate the mental resilience, psychological and behavioral problems in DD children and reveal the protective factors for the healthy development of DD children.

英文关键词： Developmental Dyscaculia;children's development;cognitive deficit causes;neural mechanisms;gene polymorphism