遗传与环境因素对青少年脑沟形态影响及其性别差异的双生子影像学研究

项目名称： 遗传与环境因素对青少年脑沟形态影响及其性别差异的双生子影像学研究

项目编号： No.81201144

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 影像医学与生物医学工程

项目作者： 孙博

作者单位： 山东大学

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 脑沟是大脑功能区的重要分界标志，与大脑的发育、老化、智力及脑部疾病等密切相关。在人脑的发育过程中，脑沟形态受遗传因素、共同环境因素和特异环境因素共同影响，但尚未明确各种因素的影响程度如何。我们前期研究发现脑沟形态具有一定的性别差异，然而脑沟形态的遗传度是否具有性别差异也尚未明确。我们应用3.0T磁共振机获取数据后通过计算机后处理技术对同卵双生子（MZ）和异卵双生子（DZ）的每侧大脑半球的15条主要脑沟进行重建并测量各脑沟形态学参数（沟长、沟深、沟宽、脑沟表面积和脑沟体积），进一步分别分析遗传因素、共同环境因素和特异环境因素对大脑脑沟形态学的影响程度，进而探讨其是否存在性别差异。本课题对正确指导青少年智力发育，并针对脑发育障碍者进行早期的预防、诊断及治疗具有十分重要的意义。

中文关键词： 青少年双生子；脑沟；遗传度；性别；磁共振

英文摘要： As important landmark of cortical functional organization, cerebral sulcus may be related closely with development, aging, intelligence and neuropsychiatric disorders. During the development of human brain, sulcal morphology is controlled by genetic, common environmental and specific environmental influence factors, while to which extent genetic and environmental factors influence the development in brain structures is unclear. In addition, in our previous studies, we found there are gender differences in sulcal morphology characters, however, it is unknown if there is gender differences in sulcal heritability. To resolve these questions, MR data of monozygotic twin (MZ) and dizygotic twin (DZ) groups will be obtained with 3.0T MR scanner. Then the MR data will be post-processed with computer imaging method. Fifteen main cerebral sulci on each side of cerebral hemisphere will be 3D reconstructed, and sulcal length, depth, width, surface area and volume will be measured. In addition, the influence effect of genetic, common environmental and specific environmental factors will be tested, respectively. Then, the gender differences of these influence effect will also be investigated. This study will be important to advising intelligence development of young adults, and will be helpful of the prevention, diagnosis an

英文关键词： Adolscent twins；Sulcus；Heritability；Sexel dimorphism；Magnetic resonance imaging