植物胁迫"印记"形成的分子机制及脱落酸和水杨酸的调控作用

项目名称： 植物胁迫"印记"形成的分子机制及脱落酸和水杨酸的调控作用

项目编号： No.30870205

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 轻工业、手工业

项目作者： 李雪梅

作者单位： 沈阳师范大学

项目金额： 33万元

中文摘要： 本项目按照计划要点，以禾谷类的模式植物水稻为实验材料，研究了水分胁迫诱导植物胁迫"印记"形成过程中内源脱落酸、水杨酸的变化、防御/抗性相关酶系及基因表观遗传学的变化以及脱落酸、水杨酸在环境调控胁迫"印记"形成过程中的作用。主要结果：①#22312;种子和苗期进行PEG、SA、ABA不同方式预处理，能够提高植物抵抗更严重的胁迫；②#19981;同预处理方式主要通过提高抗性激素（如ABA、SA）而抑制促进生长的激素（IAA、GA、CK）合成诱导胁迫"印记"产生；③#39044;处理能够在一定程度上激活防御/抗性相关酶系（如SOD、POD、CAT、APX）、减缓抗氧化物质（AsA、GsH）含量的降低、增强渗透调节物质的代谢、启动活性氧（ROS）信号转导途径诱导胁迫"印记"产生；④#39044;处理通过诱导水稻叶片、根系防御酶蛋白及相关基因表达形成胁迫"印记"；⑤#22312;植物胁迫"印记"形成过程中，不同预处理方式提高光合机构对胁迫的响应，降低胁迫对其的伤害；⑥#22312;植物胁迫"印记"形成过程中，蛋白受体激酶等基因可能在胁迫条件下通过改变自身的甲基化状态来影响自身的耐胁迫特性，对外界环境做出反应。

中文关键词： 水稻；胁迫印记；脱落酸；水杨酸；DNA甲基化

英文摘要： According to the plan, following studies have been done with rice (Oryiza Sative): changes of endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) and salicylic acid (SA), changes of defense/resistance enzyme system and epigenetic changes as well as the role of ABA and SA on the regulation in the forming process of stressful "memories". The main results are following: ①he preconditioning of polyethylene glycol (PEG), SA, ABA making a plant more resistant to future exposure; ②he difference preconditioning induced the forming of stressful "memories" by improving the produce of stress-hormone (ABA, SA) and inhibiting the produce of promote-hormone (indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellins (GA), cytokinins (CK)); ③he preconditioning induced the forming of stressful "memories" by activating defense/resistance enzyme system (such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)), inhibiting the decrease of antioxidant substance (ascorbic acid (AsA) and reduced glutathione (GsH)), enhancing the metabolism of osmotic-regulation substance, triggering the signal transduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS); ④he preconditioning induced the forming of stressful "memories" by inducing the expression of defense protein and releated gene in the leaves and roots of rice; ⑤he difference preconditioning induced the forming of stressful "memories" by increasing the response of photosynthesis struction to stress, decreasing the stress harm; ⑥n the forming process of stressful "memories", some geng like as protein-receptor-kinase effect the self characteristic to stress by modifing the methylation of DNA in order to response to environmental changes.

英文关键词： rice; stressful memories; abscisic acid; salicylic acid; DNA methylation