镉胁迫下硫化氢和一氧化氮介导的苹果属植物根系呼吸代谢调控机理研究

项目名称： 镉胁迫下硫化氢和一氧化氮介导的苹果属植物根系呼吸代谢调控机理研究

项目编号： No.31301733

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 姜倩倩

作者单位： 潍坊学院

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 土壤镉污染面积和程度不断增加，部分果园已受到不同程度的镉污染。气体信号分子硫化氢（H2S）和一氧化氮（N0）在植物体中的生理功能以及相关信号机制的探究还刚刚起步。目前关于H2S和NO是否能够作为一种信号调节物质，调节苹果属植物因Cd胁迫所引起的呼吸代谢紊乱的文献报道较少。本项目以苹果属植物八棱海棠（M.robusta Rehd.）和平邑甜茶（M.hupehensis pamp Rehd.）为试材，研究苹果根系呼吸代谢、代谢关键酶活性、线粒体特性等对Cd 的响应特征，并利用H2S 和NO 供体，明确H2S和NO 信号因子对呼吸途径、线粒体功能和物质代谢过程的调控作用，以及信号传导过程，并以叶片叶绿素荧光变化验证各处理的效果。揭示H2S 和NO 调控根系呼吸代谢的路径，探讨其调节根根系呼吸代谢的有效性。

中文关键词： 镉；硫化氢；一氧化氮；苹果；呼吸代谢

英文摘要： Cadmium (Cd2+) is a ubiquitous toxic heavy metal with a long biological half-life in the environment. Cadmium is rapidly taken up by roots, adversely affecting plant growth and development as well as crop yield and quality ; by accumulating in water, soil, and food, cadmium also poses a severe threat to the ecology and human health. The study on the physiological functions and related signaling mechanisms of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (N0) in the plant's is still in its infancy. Has not yet been reported in the literature on the H2S and NO as a signal regulating substances, to regulate the respiratory metabolism of apple species caused by Cd stress. Using M. robusta Rehd.and M. hupehensis pamp Rehd.as test materials, this study aim to study the metabolism of apple root respiration, activities of key enzymes, mitochondrial characteristics, such as the response characteristics of Cd and H2S and NO donor, clear H2S and NO signaling factors on the respiratory pathway, mitochondrial function and physical role of the regulation of metabolic processes, and signal transduction processes, and changes in chlorophyll fluorescence to verify the effect of each treatment. The experimental results can reveal the path of the H2S and NO regulation of root respiration metabolism, and to explore the effectiveness of i

英文关键词： cadmium；hydrogen sulfide；nitric oxide；apple；respiration metabolism