呼吸气中痕量生物标识物选择性富集的新方法研究

项目名称： 呼吸气中痕量生物标识物选择性富集的新方法研究

项目编号： No.21305095

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 刘勇

作者单位： 四川大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 人体内很多疾病的早期出现都与呼吸气中的痕量生物标识物有关，呼吸气分析可用于非侵入式医学诊断，可能为重大疾病的早期筛查提供一种潜在的有用方法。由于呼吸气的成分复杂，如何有选择性的萃取出与疾病相关的痕量生物标识物是目前呼吸气富集技术的研究重点。而现有的呼吸气富集方法，几乎没有一种方法能对呼吸气中与疾病相关的痕量生物标识物（如酮类、醛类物质）具有优良的吸附选择性及较高的吸附效率。基于此，我们首次提出，采用季铵氨氧基盐改性后的碳纳米管作为固相微萃取纤维的新型制备方法，并将该固相微萃取纤维用于选择性富集呼吸气中的痕量醛酮类生物标识物，实现对临床病人（糖尿病人、乳腺癌病人等）呼吸气中与疾病相关的醛酮类生物标识物的选择性萃取。本项目研究成果可为更精确地检测到呼吸气中的痕量生物标识物提供新方法，有望使重大疾病在早期得到更精确的诊断，为患者赢得最佳治疗时机。

中文关键词： 呼出气分析；生物标识物；固相微萃取；微波诱导等离子体；多壁碳纳米管

英文摘要： Many human diseases' early stage appearance are always related to the variation of trace biomarkers in exhaled breath, breath analysis can be applied in non-invasive diagnosis and may provide a potential useful method for the screening of major diseases. Because the composition of breath is very complex, selectively extract relative trace biomarkers of certain diseases is important in current breath preconcentration technologies. However, up to now, there is almost no preconcentration method has a good selectivity and higher adsorption efficient to trace biomarkers (e.g. ketones and aldehydes) in exhaled breath. Therefore, we first present a new preparation method for solid phase microextraction fiber, which adopt 2-(aminooxy)ethyl-N,N,N-trimethylammonium iodide (ATM) to modify carbon nanotubes. We also apply this fiber to selectively enrich trace exhaled aldehydes and ketones biomarkers, thus, realizing screening relative diseases biomarkers (e.g. aldehydes、ketones) of clinical patients (e.g. breast cancer、diabetes mellitus). The research results of this project can provide a new method for more accurate determination of trace biomarkers in exhaled breath. It is expected to realize more accurate early diagnosis of major diseases and earn best therapeutical opportunity for patients.

英文关键词： breath analysis；biomarker；solid phase microextraction；microwave induced plasma；multi-walled carbon nanotube