氧化石墨烯脂质体的制备及其在化学发光生物分析中的应用

项目名称： 氧化石墨烯脂质体的制备及其在化学发光生物分析中的应用

项目编号： No.21475094

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 樊爱萍

作者单位： 天津大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 氧化石墨烯（GO）具有拟过氧化物酶活性，有望取代天然过氧化物酶（HRP）成为新型的化学发光生物分析标记物。但GO在标记过程中易聚集，且标记后的催化活性显著降低，制约了GO在化学发光生物分析中的应用。脂质体是一种在水相中由磷脂双分子层定向排列而形成的囊泡体，不仅具有大的内水腔，且具有较大的比表面积。课题拟将纳米尺寸的GO碎片，包裹入脂质体的内水腔，制备GO脂质体，将生物识别分子偶联于脂质体表面，并将制备的GO免疫脂质体应用于炭疽杆菌特定序列DNA、肿瘤血清标志物癌胚抗原（CEA）及小细胞肺癌循环肿瘤细胞的化学发光测定。制备的GO免疫脂质体具有以下优势：1）可解决GO偶联后化学发光催化活性大大降低的问题；2）一个脂质体可包入多个GO，可显著提高目标分析物的检测灵敏度；3）制备的GO免疫脂质体极易拓宽至其他特定序列DNA、蛋白质生物大分子，肿瘤细胞，甚至是小分子的检测，具有广泛的应用价值。

中文关键词： 脂质体；氧化石墨烯；化学发光；生物分析

英文摘要： It was reported that graphene oxide (GO) showed peroxidase-like activity, based on which GO was expected to replace natural peroxidase (HRP) and serve as new marker in chemiluminescent bioanalysis. However, it was found that GO was unstable during the labeling process, and the labeled GO exhibited much lower catalytic activity than that of unlabeled GO. The above disadvantages restrict the application of GO as novel marker in chemiluminescent bioanalysis. Liposome, which has large specific surface area and a large internal cavity, is formed spontaneously when phospholipids are dispersed into water. In this project, GO loading immunoliposomes are prepared by encapsulating nano-sized GO into internal cave of liposomes and conjugating biological recognition molecules on the surface of liposomes. The prepared GO loading immunoliposomes will be used to develop chemiluminescent bioanalysis methods for the determination of anthrax related sequence-specific DNA, serum tumor marker (CEA) and small cell lung cancer circulating tumor cells. The proposed method has several advantages: 1) GO is encapasulated in the internal cave of liposomes avoiding the problems of GO being conjugated with biological recognition molecules. 2) Because of their extensive internal volume, liposomes can carry a high number of nano-sized GO. Therefore, higher detection sensitivity can be obtained by using GO loading liposomes as labels. 3) The proposed methods can be easily extended to the determination of other sequence-specific DNA, proteins, tumor cells, or even small molecules, thus, exhibit potential in a wide range of applications.

英文关键词： liposome;graphene oxide;chemiluminescence;bioanalysis