大兴安岭森林土壤黑碳贮量的空间异质性

项目名称： 大兴安岭森林土壤黑碳贮量的空间异质性

项目编号： No.31470516

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 常禹

作者单位： 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所

项目金额： 86万元

中文摘要： 森林土壤中的黑碳(Black Carbon)主要指木炭(Charcoal)，是植物有机体经不完全燃烧产生的一种无定形的非有机碳化合物。由于其高度的惰性特点,成为地球缓慢碳库的重要组成部分，黑碳也是一个重要的碳汇，可能是全球碳收支中丢失碳汇的重要组成之一，近年来，引起了学者的广泛关注，成为全球变化研究的重要领域之一，黑碳在碳循环和碳预算中具有重要而深远的研究意义。然而，土壤特别是森林土壤中黑碳贮量的研究还非常有限，影响了区域尺度上黑碳贮量的估算。本项目将采取野外调查、遥感、地理信息系统和空间统计相结合的方法，选择我国大兴安岭开展森林土壤黑碳贮量研究；探讨林火干扰状况(过火次数、林火烈度)对黑碳贮量的影响；分析黑碳贮量在不同地形和林型下的空间分布特征。项目丰富了火生态学的研究内容，为寻找丢失的碳汇提供了一种重要的解决途径，为我国大兴安岭地区的碳预算提供可靠的数据支持，具有重要的理论和实践意义。

中文关键词： 景观格局；黑碳；空间异质性；林火；黑碳贮量

英文摘要： Black carbon in forest soils is mainly composed of charcoal which is an inorganic carbon compound when plant organisms are combusted imcompletely. The high inert characteristics make black carbon a key component of the earth's slow carbon pools. Black carbon is an important carbon sink as well and probably the major portion of the lost carbon sinks in global carbon budget. Recently,black carbon has drawn much attention becoming a critical area in global change research. The black carbon has important and profund implications for both the carbon cycle and carbon budget. However,documents on black carbon stocks in soils, especially in forest soils are still limited, which affects the estimate of black carbon stocks at regional scales. This proposal will use the combined methods of field inventory, remote sensing, geographic information system and spatial statistics, and choose the Great Xing'an Mountains as study area to estimate black carbon stocks in forest soils, to explore the influence of forest fire regimes (number of burned times, fire severity) on black carbon stocks, and to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of black carbon stocks under various topography and forest type conditions.This resaerch extends the contents of fire ecology, provides a sound approach for looking for the lost carbon sinks and gives relible data support to the carbon budget for the Great Xing'an Mountains, having great practical the theoretical significances.

英文关键词： Landscape pattern;Black carbon;Spatial heterogeneity;Forest fire;Black Carbon stocks