黄土高原子午岭森林植被恢复过程中土壤线虫群落演变特征及影响机制研究

项目名称： 黄土高原子午岭森林植被恢复过程中土壤线虫群落演变特征及影响机制研究

项目编号： No.31500449

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 生态学

项目作者： 黄菁华

作者单位： 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 黄土高原地区由于长期受到不合理的人类活动的影响，天然植被遭到严重破坏，生态系统处于极度退化的状态。要改善该地区的生态环境，植被恢复是最根本的措施。天然次生森林是黄土高原植被生态系统中最为核心的部分，研究其恢复演替规律，对该地区科学合理地进行植被恢复具有重要指导作用。由于植被恢复进程与土壤食物网的结构和功能密切相关，因此本项目以土壤线虫这一在指示土壤食物网结构和功能方面具有独特优势的生物类群为研究对象，通过对黄土高原最大的次生林区——子午岭林区不同植被演替阶段的土壤线虫群落进行调查，探明线虫群落组成、多样性和代谢足迹特征对植被恢复状况和土壤环境变化的生物指示作用，建立量化评价黄土高原森林植被恢复的生态效应的线虫学指标体系，揭示森林植被恢复对土壤食物网结构与功能的影响机制。本项目不仅能够为黄土高原土壤生物多样性保护提供科学依据，而且对指导该地区森林植被恢复和生态环境建设具有重要理论和实践意义。

中文关键词： 土壤食物网；多样性；土壤线虫群落；黄土高原；植被恢复

英文摘要： Due to the long-term effects of improper human activities in Loess Plateau, natural vegetation has been severely destroyed in this area, resulting in serious degradation of local ecosystem. Vegetation restoration is considered as the key measure to improve the ecological environment of this area. In the vegetation ecosystem of Loess Plateau, the most important part is secondary forest, so studying mechanisms in succession of secondary forest vegetation takes a key role in guiding scientific and sensible vegetation restoration in this area. Since the process of vegetation restoration is closely related to the structure and function of soil food web, this project focuses on the investigation of soil nematode community across chronosequence of forest of Ziwuling Mountain, the largest secondary forest area in Loess Plateau, for nematodes have the unique advantages in indicating structure and function of soil food web. We firstly intend to study whether the variations in plant community and soil microenvironment during the succession process of forest vegetation can be reflected by community composition, diversity and metabolic footprints of soil nematodes, and then to select ecological indices of soil nematode community for the quantitative evaluation over the ecological effects of vegetation restoration, and finally to figure out the effect mechanisms of forest vegetation on structure and function of soil food web. This project can not only provide scientific basis for soil biodiversity conservation, but also possess theoretical and practical significance in guiding forest vegetation restoration and environment construction in Loess Plateau.

英文关键词： Soil food web;Diversity;Soil nematode community;Loess Plateau; Vegetation restoration