利用高通量测序技术研究典型草原根际土壤细菌群落结构及其对氮沉降的响应

项目名称： 利用高通量测序技术研究典型草原根际土壤细菌群落结构及其对氮沉降的响应

项目编号： No.31470006

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 王其兵

作者单位： 中国科学院植物研究所

项目金额： 30万元

中文摘要： 大气氮沉降增加是目前全球普遍发生的严重环境问题之一，它对各类生态系统的影响已受到广泛关注。由于氮是草原这一最大陆地生态系统最主要的限制因子，故草原生态系统对氮沉降十分敏感， 使草原成为研究氮沉降效应的理想的模式生态系统。已有的研究首先是大多仅关注总氮沉降量的效应而忽略了沉降格局（氮沉降在一年内的分布），其结果难以准确反映氮沉降在自然界中连续发生而引起的生态效应的现实，其次是根际与非根际土壤微生物群落的信息十分缺乏。本研究拟以内蒙古典型草原为研究对象，应用16S rDNA扩增高通量测序和生物信息学技术，通过研究不同氮沉降量和沉降格局下， 6种优势植物根际与非根际土壤细菌群落结构与多样性的特征与异同，以及相应土壤与植物群落的变化，建立植物-土壤-细菌之间的关系，定量分析植物、土壤和氮沉降对土壤细菌群落结构的贡献， 揭示根际与非根际土壤细菌群落结构与多样性变化对氮沉降的响应机制与关键驱动因素。

中文关键词： 16S rRNA 基因；氮沉降；根际；土壤原核生物群落；多样性

英文摘要： There is growing concern about the effects of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition, which is one of the most serious environmental issues worldwide, on various ecosystems. Grassland is an ideal model for evaluating the effects of N deposition on terrestrial ecosystems, science it is the biggest terrestrial biome with high sensitiveness to N and frequently subject to N limitation. However, most previous related studies have intrinsic questions to be solved. Firstly, they used to only concentrate on the effects of total quantity of yearly N deposition but neglected that of N deposition regime (the distribution of N deposition over a year). In those studies, the experimental plots simply received a dose of N with only 1 or 2 additions per year to mimic N deposition, while any given natural ecosystems receives N deposition form atmosphere continuously, subsequently, the results from such kind of experiments are questionable. Secondly, a comprehensive understanding of how elevated N affects soil microbial community remains incomplete, especially the specific roles of plant species under N deposition in structuring rhizosphere and bulk soil microbial communities is poorly described. Therefore, we propose to utilize MiSeq sequencing of 16S rDNA gene, a high-throughput sequencing technique, with bioinformatics analysis

英文关键词： 16S rRNA gene；N deposition；rhizosphere；soil prokaryotic community；diversity