淹水胁迫诱导小麦胚乳PCD进程提前的ROS信号和细胞骨架动态研究

项目名称： 淹水胁迫诱导小麦胚乳PCD进程提前的ROS信号和细胞骨架动态研究

项目编号： No.31471428

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 食品科学、农学基础与作物学

项目作者： 周竹青

作者单位： 华中农业大学

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 前期研究表明淹水胁迫导致小麦胚乳细胞编程性死亡进程提前。项目利用生理学和分子细胞生物学技术手段，探寻淹水胁迫导致胚乳细胞PCD进程提前的理论机制和品种耐湿性差异的分子细胞学原因。包括：①研究胚乳细胞PCD中线粒体和细胞骨架的超微结构变化，重点分析线粒体结构损伤对细胞色素c释放和PCD进程的影响；②动态检测ROS和细胞色素c等信号变化，分析其在PCD启动和进程调控中的作用；③进行抗氧化酶SOD和CAT、PCD调控蛋白（如caspases-like蛋白酶）和细胞骨架及结合蛋白的定位；进行部分功能蛋白活性检测和基因表达研究，弄清抗氧化酶是如何调控ROS，进而影响细胞骨架的结构和PCD进程的；弄明Caspases-like蛋白酶调控PCD进程机理。④初步探明对淹水胁迫响应的ROS信号转导途径和作用机制；⑤探寻不同耐湿性品种胚乳PCD进程差异的理论基础，丰富小麦抗逆境栽培和育种理论。

中文关键词： 小麦淹水；胚乳细胞编程性死亡；活性氧；Caspase-like蛋白酶；细胞骨架

英文摘要： In our recent research, we have confirmed and reported that the endosperm cells of wheat undergo a special programmed cell death (PCD) with shorten and hasty course under waterlogging stress. Multidiscipline techniques in physiology and molecular cell biology will be used in this research to deeply probe the regulatory mechanism about this early endosperm PCD and the molecular cytological reasons about the differences of resist-waterlogging tolerances between wheat cultivars. It primarily includes the following contents: ①The ultrastructure features of mitochondrial and cytoskeleton will be studied during endosperm PCD course. Especially, the impacts of mitochondrial membrane damage on cytochrome c releasing and PCD course will be deeply analyzed. ② The dynamic changes of ROS and cytochrome c signal will be detected to charify their functions in triggering and controlling PCD course. ③ The localization of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT et al.), PCD course regulating proteins (caspase-like proteases), cytoskeleton and cytoskeleton binding proteins, and the activity and gene expression levels of some functional proteins will be researched to find out how antioxidant enzymes regulate ROS and affect the cytoskeleton assemble and PCD course, and to figure out how caspases-like proteases regulate PCD course. ④ The ROS signaling pathways and signal response mechanisms in wheat endosperm under waterlogging stress will be preliminary illustrated. ⑤Theoretical basis of the differences of endosperm PCD course between wheat cultivars with different waterlogging tolerances will be explored. The results will enrich the stress theory about wheat cultivation and breeding.

英文关键词： Wheat waterlogging;Programmed cell death of endosperm;Reactive oxygen species;Caspase-like proteases;Cytoskeleton