基于碰撞前车辆和驾驶员异常特征信号融合的主被动集成乘员防护方法研究

项目名称： 基于碰撞前车辆和驾驶员异常特征信号融合的主被动集成乘员防护方法研究

项目编号： No.51205118

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 机械工程学科

项目作者： 张冠军

作者单位： 湖南大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 随着汽车技术的不断发展，主被动集成汽车碰撞安全技术已成为提高乘员保护性能的重要措施。然而，目前主要的相关技术都是建立在昂贵的传感设备基础上，难以推广使用。本课题研究发现，汽车碰撞事故发生前通常具有明显的车辆和驾驶员行为异常特征，通过合理检测这些异常特征参数，可以采用低成本传感器实现对碰撞事故的预测。充分利用碰撞事故发生前的时间和空间裕度，可以达到更好的乘员保护效果。本课题拟通过对典型事故案例的仿真重建和模拟驾驶分析，研究碰撞事故发生前的汽车动态特征和驾驶员行为特征及其与碰撞事故的相关性，提取关键特征参数用于事故预测。通过对多种信号的融合建立可靠的碰撞预测算法，提高系统的抗干扰性能。结合安全带预紧及主动式座椅调节技术，利用计算机仿真与实验相结合的方法，研究针对不同身材和不同碰撞前乘员约束系统状态的最佳调节参数。该方法成本低，应用前景广泛，能够有效降低道路交通事故伤亡率，具有重大社会经济效益。

中文关键词： 主被动集成；乘员防护方法；优化；碰撞预测；约束系统

英文摘要： With the development of vehicle technology, the combination of active and passive technology of vehicle safety has become an important measure to improve the performance of occupant protection. However, the main present technologies are all based on expensive sensors and the high expense makes them difficult to promote. According to this research, there were always obvious abnormal vehicle and driver behaviors before crashes. Through the reasonable detection about the parameters of these abnormal behaviors, the technology can predict the crash based on low cost sensors. The technology can achieve a better performance of occupant protection by making full use of the margin of time and space before crashes. This research based on the simulation reconstruction and simulated driving analysis of classical crashes is to study the relationship between these abnormal behaviors and the crash before an accident happens and to extract the characteristic parameters for crash prediction. Through the combination of multiple signals, the research can establish a reliable crash prediction algorithm and enhance the performance of anti-interference. At the same time, with the seat belts pre-loading and active seat adjustment technology and the method of combination of computer simulation and experiment, the research can also stud

英文关键词： Active and Passive Integration；Occupant Protection Method；Optimization；Collision Prediction；Restraint System