功能化磁性纳米复合材料的制备及其对重金属离子的选择性去除机制研究

项目名称： 功能化磁性纳米复合材料的制备及其对重金属离子的选择性去除机制研究

项目编号： No.21477108

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 化学工业

项目作者： 徐新华

作者单位： 浙江大学

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 本项目针对重金属离子采用常规处理难以达标的问题，制备出对Pb(II)、Cr(VI)、Hg(II)等重金属离子具有高效亲和性和选择性的功能化磁性纳米复合材料。确立磁性Fe3O4纳米颗粒的制备和进一步的SiO2包裹方法，并对其表面进行适宜的氨基、巯基、羧基等功能化修饰，制备出针对不同重金属离子去除的功能化磁性纳米复合材料；通过对功能化改性前后磁性纳米复合材料的表征，了解其形貌、结构、化学组成和磁性特性；考察功能化磁性纳米复合材料对Pb(II)、Cr(VI)、Hg(II)等重金属离子的选择性吸附特性和影响因素，通过构效关系分析，建立功能化磁性纳米复合材料的功能基团与重金属离子的表面螯合及静电吸引机制；最后探究功能化磁性纳米颗粒的磁分离和脱附再生性能。为进一步研究制备高吸附容量和高选择性的重金属离子新型吸附剂提供有益的借鉴。

中文关键词： 磁性纳米颗粒；氨基功能化；巯基功能化；重金属离子；选择性去除机制

英文摘要： Contamination of natural water with heavy metals is a major problem and the development of effective adsorbents for its removal is increasingly recognized in these days. Realizing the attractive surface characteristics of functionalized magnetic nanocomposite, we propose to synthesize functionalized magnetic nanocomposite adsorbents with higher affinity towards Pb(II), Cr(VI) and Hg(II) from aqueous solutions. This project aim to achieves of the six-fold objectives; specifically, 1) We will consider to select appropriate synthesis methods for Fe3O4 nanoparticles and its stabilization by coating SiO2 layer; 2) We will screen out the most suitable surface modifying materials and methods to synthesize amino-，mercapto-，and carboxyl-functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles for the selective removal of Pb(II), Cr(VI) and Hg(II) ions; 3) We will characterize the functionalized and un-functionalized magnetic- Fe3O4 nanoparticles using various characterization techniques, and investigate their morphological, structural, chemical composition and magnetic properties; 4) We will further extensively investigate the performance of functionalized magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles for the selective adsorption of Pb(II), Cr(VI) and Hg(II); 5) We will elaborate in details the schematic removal mechanism and influencing factors on Pb(II), Cr(VI), Hg(II) adsorption by functionalized magnetic nanoparticles via investigating their structure-activity relationships, and establish the chelating and electrostatic attraction adsorption mechanism between heavy metals and functional groups onto the functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles; 6) We will further explore the separation, desorption and regeneration capacity of the functionalized magnetic nanoparticles for their successive applications and recovery of toxic metals. The broader aim of our project is to provide useful references or literature for further synthesis of effective adsorbents for heavy metals remediation with higher adsorption potential and selectivity.

英文关键词： Magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles;Amino functionalized;Mercapto functionalized;Heavy metals;Selectivity removal mechanism