We consider the class ${\cal A}$ of graphs that contain no odd hole, no antihole, and no "prism" (a graph consisting of two disjoint triangles with three disjoint paths between them). We prove that every graph $G\in{\cal A}$ different from a clique has an "even pair" (two vertices that are not joined by a chordless path of odd length), as conjectured by Everett and Reed [see the chapter "Even pairs" in the book {\it Perfect Graphs}, J.L. Ram\'{\i}rez-Alfons\'{\i}n and B.A. Reed, eds., Wiley Interscience, 2001]. Our proof is a polynomial-time algorithm that produces an even pair with the additional property that the contraction of this pair yields a graph in ${\cal A}$. This entails a polynomial-time algorithm, based on successively contracting even pairs, to color optimally every graph in ${\cal A}$. This generalizes several results concerning some classical families of perfect graphs.
翻译:我们把含有无奇孔、无反眼和无“棱镜”的图表(由两个互不关联的三角形组成的图表及其三个互不相连的路径组成)的等级$$[Cal A]当当当当当当被埃弗雷特和里德(见J.L. Ram\'i}Alfons\\\\\\\\\i}n和B.A. Reed,eds.,Wiley Interscience.,2001年)的推断为“双对”(两个顶峰没有与无奇数路径相连接),作为埃弗雷特和里德[见书“双对”的章节,J.L. Ram\'I] Ram\\i\i\i\i\i}n和B.A. Reed,ed,eds,eds.,eds,Wiley Interscience.]。我们的证据是“双对”的“偶数算法,这对子的收缩成以$_A$。这需要根据连续连合合合的每个图表最优化的每个图表,以美元。