Leveraging weak or noisy supervision for building effective machine learning models has long been an important research problem. Its importance has further increased recently due to the growing need for large-scale datasets to train deep learning models. Weak or noisy supervision could originate from multiple sources including non-expert annotators or automatic labeling based on heuristics or user interaction signals. There is an extensive amount of previous work focusing on leveraging noisy labels. Most notably, recent work has shown impressive gains by using a meta-learned instance re-weighting approach where a meta-learning framework is used to assign instance weights to noisy labels. In this paper, we extend this approach via posing the problem as label correction problem within a meta-learning framework. We view the label correction procedure as a meta-process and propose a new meta-learning based framework termed MLC (Meta Label Correction) for learning with noisy labels. Specifically, a label correction network is adopted as a meta-model to produce corrected labels for noisy labels while the main model is trained to leverage the corrected labeled. Both models are jointly trained by solving a bi-level optimization problem. We run extensive experiments with different label noise levels and types on both image recognition and text classification tasks. We compare the reweighing and correction approaches showing that the correction framing addresses some of the limitation of reweighting. We also show that the proposed MLC approach achieves large improvements over previous methods in many settings.
翻译:长期以来,为建立有效的机器学习模式而利用微弱或吵闹的监管手段来建立有效的机器学习模式一直是一个重要的研究问题,其重要性最近由于越来越需要大型数据集来培养深层学习模式而进一步增加。 薄弱或吵闹的监督可能来自多种来源,包括非专家的警告员或基于超自然或用户互动信号的自动标签; 以往大量的工作重点是利用吵闹标签。 最值得注意的是,最近的工作通过使用元学习实例重新加权法,利用元学习框架来给吵闹标签分配实例权重,取得了令人印象深刻的收益。 在本文中,我们通过将问题作为元学习框架内的标签纠正问题来推广。 我们把标签修正程序视为一个元过程,并提议一个新的基于元学习框架,即称为刚果解放运动(Meta Label 校正),以使用噪音标签作为利用噪音标签校正标签的元模,同时对主要模型加以培训以利用校正标签的比重方法。 两种模型都是通过解决双层次的优化问题来共同培训的。 我们把标签校正程序视为一个元过程,我们还进行了广泛的实验, 将许多标签校正方法的校正。