Most 3D neural networks are trained from scratch owing to the lack of large-scale labeled 3D datasets. In this paper, we present a novel 3D pretraining method by leveraging 2D networks learned from rich 2D datasets. We propose the contrastive pixel-to-point knowledge transfer to effectively utilize the 2D information by mapping the pixel-level and point-level features into the same embedding space. Due to the heterogeneous nature between 2D and 3D networks, we introduce the back-projection function to align the features between 2D and 3D to make the transfer possible. Additionally, we devise an upsampling feature projection layer to increase the spatial resolution of high-level 2D feature maps, which enables learning fine-grained 3D representations. With a pretrained 2D network, the proposed pretraining process requires no additional 2D or 3D labeled data, further alleviating the expensive 3D data annotation cost. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to exploit existing 2D trained weights to pretrain 3D deep neural networks. Our intensive experiments show that the 3D models pretrained with 2D knowledge boost the performances of 3D networks across various real-world 3D downstream tasks.
翻译:大部分 3D 神经网络都是从零到零培训的, 原因是缺少大规模标记的 3D 数据集。 在本文中, 我们提出一个新的 3D 预培训方法, 利用从丰富的 2D 数据集中学习的 2D 网络。 我们提出对比式像素到点知识的转移, 以便有效地利用 2D 信息, 将像素级和点级的特征映射到相同的嵌入空间中。 由于 2D 和 3D 网络之间的差异性能, 我们引入了后项目功能, 将 2D 和 3D 之间的功能相匹配, 使转移成为可能。 此外, 我们设计了一个更新的 3D 特征预测层, 以提高 高级 2D 特征地图的空间分辨率, 从而学习精细的 3D 显示。 我们密集的实验显示, 3D 模型在 3D 上展示了 3D 的下游运行模式 。