Assessing the skill level of players to predict the outcome and to rank the players in a longer series of games is of critical importance for tournament play. Besides weaknesses, like an observed continuous inflation, through a steadily increasing playing body, the ELO ranking system, named after its creator Arpad Elo, has proven to be a reliable method for calculating the relative skill levels of players in zero-sum games. The evaluation of player strength in trick-taking card games like Skat or Bridge, however, is not obvious. Firstly, these are incomplete information partially observable games with more than one player, where opponent strength should influence the scoring as it does in existing ELO systems. Secondly, they are game of both skill and chance, so that besides the playing strength the outcome of a game also depends on the deal. Last but not least, there are internationally established scoring systems, in which the players are used to be evaluated, and to which ELO should align. Based on a tournament scoring system, we propose a new ELO system for Skat to overcome these weaknesses.
翻译：评估玩家的技能水平以预测比赛结果并将玩家排在一系列更远的游戏中对于比赛的比赛至关重要。 除了通过稳步增长的游戏机体观察到的持续通货膨胀等弱点外,以创造者Arpad Elo命名的ELO排名制度被证明是计算零和游戏玩家相对技能水平的可靠方法。然而,在Skat或Bridge等玩游戏中,对玩家实力的评价并不明显。首先,这些信息不完整,不只一个玩家可以观察到的部分游戏,对手力量应该像现有的ELO系统那样影响评分。第二,它们既是技能又是机会的游戏,因此,除了游戏的打力之外,游戏的结果也取决于交易结果。最后但同样重要的是,有国际建立的评分制度,游戏玩家用来进行评价,并且应该与ELO系统保持一致。根据比赛评分制度,我们为Skat提出了一个新的ELO系统,以克服这些弱点。
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