Although proof of work (PoW) consensus dominates the current blockchain-based systems mostly, it has always been criticized for the uneconomic brute-force calculation. As alternatives, energy-conservation and energy-recycling mechanisms heaved in sight. In this paper, we propose proof of user similarity (PoUS), a distinct energy-recycling consensus mechanism, harnessing the valuable computing power to calculate the similarities of users, and enact the calculation results into the packing rule. However, the expensive calculation required in PoUS challenges miners in participating, and may induce plagiarism and lying risks. To resolve these issues, PoUS embraces the best-effort schema by allowing miners to compute partially. Besides, a voting mechanism based on the two-parties computation and Bayesian truth serum is proposed to guarantee privacy-preserved voting and truthful reports. Noticeably, PoUS distinguishes itself in recycling the computing power back to blockchain since it turns the resource wastage to facilitate refined cohort analysis of users, serving as the spatial measurer and enabling a searchable blockchain. We build a prototype of PoUS and compare its performance with PoW. The results show that PoUS outperforms PoW in achieving an average TPS improvement of 24.01% and an average confirmation latency reduction of 43.64%. Besides, PoUS functions well in mirroring the spatial information of users, with negligible computation time and communication cost.
翻译:虽然工作证明(PoW)共识在目前基于供应链的系统中占主导地位,但它总是被批评为不经济的粗力计算。作为替代方法、节能和能源回收机制,人们看到它。在本文件中,我们提出了用户相似性的证据(PoUS),这是一个独特的能源回收共识机制,利用宝贵的计算能力来计算用户的相似性,并将计算结果纳入包装规则。然而,PoUS要求的昂贵计算方法对矿工的参与提出了挑战,并可能导致破坏和倾斜的风险。为了解决这些问题,PoUS接受最佳的节能,允许矿工部分地计算。此外,我们提出基于两方计算和巴耶斯真理血清的投票机制,以保障有隐私权的投票和真实的报告。值得注意的是,PoUS在将计算能力再利用回至阻塞规则方面有所区别,因为它改变了资源,以便利对用户进行精细的群分析,充当空间测量器,并促成可搜索的链。为解决这些问题,PoUS-64采用最佳的节能模式,并将PoW的平均计算结果与PoW的递减成本相比较。我们建立了一个PoW的模型,将PoW的平均计算结果与PoW的递减。