Learning the physical dynamics of deformable objects with particle-based representation has been the objective of many computational models in machine learning. While several state-of-the-art models have achieved this objective in simulated environments, most existing models impose a precondition, such that the input is a sequence of ordered point sets. That is, the order of the points in each point set must be the same across the entire input sequence. This precondition restrains the model from generalizing to real-world data, which is considered to be a sequence of unordered point sets. In this paper, we propose a model named time-wise PointNet (TP-Net) that solves this problem by directly consuming a sequence of unordered point sets to infer the future state of a deformable object with particle-based representation. Our model consists of a shared feature extractor that extracts global features from each input point set in parallel and a prediction network that aggregates and reasons on these features for future prediction. The key concept of our approach is that we use global features rather than local features to achieve invariance to input permutations and ensure the stability and scalability of our model. Experiments demonstrate that our model achieves state-of-the-art performance with real-time prediction speed in both synthetic dataset and real-world dataset. In addition, we provide quantitative and qualitative analysis on why our approach is more effective and efficient than existing approaches.
翻译:在机器学习中,许多计算模型的目标一直是学习粒子代表制变形物体的物理动态。虽然在模拟环境中,一些最先进的模型已经实现了这一目标,但大多数现有模型都设定了一个先决条件,即输入是定序点数组的序列。也就是说,每个点组各点的顺序在整个输入序列中必须是相同的。这个先决条件限制模型从概括到真实世界数据,这被认为是未定点数组的序列。在本文中,我们提出了一个名为时针网(TP-Net)的模型,通过直接使用一系列无序点数组来解决这个问题,以推断未来一个以粒子代表制表示的变形物体的状态。我们的模型由共同地物提取器组成,从平行的每个输入点中提取全球特征,以及一个预测网络将这些特征汇总起来并用于未来预测。我们方法的关键概念是,我们使用全球特征而不是地方特征来实现输入变异,并确保不测点网点数组数组数,确保以粒子为基础的质量预测方法的稳定性和可缩放性。我们的模型和定量分析方法是提供我们现有数据,我们现有的模型能够实现真实和准确性预测方法。