Autonomous racing is a research field gaining large popularity, as it pushes autonomous driving algorithms to their limits and serves as a catalyst for general autonomous driving. For scaled autonomous racing platforms, the computational constraint and complexity often limit the use of Model Predictive Control (MPC). As a consequence, geometric controllers are the most frequently deployed controllers. They prove to be performant while yielding implementation and operational simplicity. Yet, they inherently lack the incorporation of model dynamics, thus limiting the race car to a velocity domain where tire slip can be neglected. This paper presents Model- and Acceleration-based Pursuit (MAP) a high-performance model-based trajectory tracking algorithm that preserves the simplicity of geometric approaches while leveraging tire dynamics. The proposed algorithm allows accurate tracking of a trajectory at unprecedented velocities compared to State-of-the-Art (SotA) geometric controllers. The MAP controller is experimentally validated and outperforms the reference geometric controller four-fold in terms of lateral tracking error, yielding a tracking error of 0.055m at tested speeds up to 11m/s.
翻译:自主赛是一个研究领域,越来越受欢迎,因为它将自主驾驶算法推向极限,并成为通用自主驾驶的催化剂。对于规模化自动赛车平台,计算限制和复杂性往往限制模型预测控制(MPC)的使用。因此,几何控制器是最经常部署的控制器。它们证明在产生执行和操作简单性的同时,它们表现良好。然而,它们本身缺乏模型动态,因而将赛车限制在可以忽略轮胎滑漏的高速域。本文展示了基于模型和加速追踪的高性能模型轨迹跟踪算法(MAP),在利用轮胎动态的同时保持几何方法的简单性。提议的算法使得能够准确跟踪与最先进的(SotA)测地控制器相比前所未有的速度的轨迹。MAP控制器是实验性验证的,在横向追踪错误方面比参考几何控制器差四倍,导致在测试速度至11米时的跟踪误差为0.055米。