We show that if the edges or vertices of an undirected graph $G$ can be covered by $k$ shortest paths, then the pathwidth of $G$ is upper-bounded by a function of $k$. As a corollary, we prove that the problem Isometric Path Cover with Terminals (which, given a graph $G$ and a set of $k$ pairs of vertices called \emph{terminals}, asks whether $G$ can be covered by $k$ shortest paths, each joining a pair of terminals) is FPT with respect to the number of terminals. The same holds for the similar problem Strong Geodetic Set with Terminals (which, given a graph $G$ and a set of $k$ terminals, asks whether there exist $\binom{k}{2}$ shortest paths, each joining a distinct pair of terminals such that these paths cover $G$). Moreover, this implies that the related problems Isometric Path Cover and Strong Geodetic Set (defined similarly but where the set of terminals is not part of the input) are in XP with respect to parameter $k$.
翻译:我们显示,如果一个未方向的图形G$的边缘或顶点可以用最短的路径来覆盖,那么$G$的路径就会被一个函数K$所覆盖。作为必然结果,我们证明,问题Isomat 路径覆盖终端(根据一个图形$G$和一套最短路径的一对K$,根据一个图形$G$和一套称为\emph{terminals]的顶点,我们询问$G$是否可以用最短路径来覆盖,每个连接一对终端的端点是FPT。对于终端的类似问题,G$的路径也是FPT。对于终端的“强大地测量设置”(根据一个图形$G$和一套美元终端,它询问是否有$\binom{k}2}最短的路径,每个连接一个不同的终端,这些路径覆盖$G$。此外,这意味着相关的Iso度路径覆盖和强度大地测量设置(定义类似,但终端的设置不是美元参数的一部分)在XP中。