项目名称: 同步辐射技术研究汞在土壤-植物系统中的迁移和转化
项目编号: No.U1432241
项目类型: 联合基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2015
项目学科: 数理科学和化学
项目作者: 张智勇
作者单位: 中国科学院高能物理研究所
项目金额: 300万元
中文摘要: 汞是重要的环境污染物,能在环境长期存在并具有全球迁移特性。土壤既是汞的源又是汞的汇,土壤中的汞可以通过植物进入食物链,危害人体健康,但目前对汞在土壤-植物系统中的迁移、转化尚缺少深入研究。本项目拟采用基于同步辐射的分析技术结合同位素示踪、土壤化学、生物化学和分析化学手段,开展以下研究工作:1)汞在土壤胶粒固液微界面的迁移和转化;2)汞在根际微环境中的分布和转化特征;3)植物对不同形态的汞的吸收、转运、转化和蓄积。阐明汞在土壤-植物系统中的迁移转化规律及影响因素、作用机制,以期为发展植物对汞吸收(抑制或促进)的调控技术,降低汞生物毒性和生物去除汞污染的方法提供理论依据和实验手段,为汞污染土壤的生物修复及保障农产品质量安全提供科学依据。
中文关键词: 汞;土壤;植物;迁移转化;同步辐射
英文摘要: Mercury is an important environmental contaminant that is persistent in the environment and can be transported globally. Soils are both sources and sinks of Hg. Hg in soils can enter the food chains via plants and subsequently has negative effects on human health. However, intensive studies on translocation and transformation of Hg in plant-soil systems are scarce. In this study, the following three topics will be investigated using synchrotron radiation-based techniques, isotopic tracing, soil chemistry, biochemistry, and analytical chemistry methods. 1) Translocation and transformation of Hg in the micro- interface of soil particles; 2) Distribution and transformation of mercury species in the microenvironment around rhizosphere; 3) Absorption, transportation, transformation and accumulation of mercury species in plants. This proposal is aimed to elucidate the mechanism that affects the transportation and transformation of mercury species in soil-plants systems, which can be used for the regulation of enhanced or decreased mercury absorption of mercury in plants. This study will provide a practical and experimental basis for the decreasing or elimination of mercury toxicity in crops, and lay an important scientific foundation for the phytoremediation of mercury-contaminated soils and safety assurance of crops quality.
英文关键词: Nercury;Soil;Plant;migration and transformation;synchrotron radiation