AM真菌对锑在土壤-植物系统中迁移转化的作用机理

项目名称： AM真菌对锑在土壤-植物系统中迁移转化的作用机理

项目编号： No.41303066

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 魏源

作者单位： 中国环境科学研究院

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 目前对锑在土壤-植物系统中的迁移转化机制仍不明确，植物如何吸收和转运锑的机理仍停留在推断和假设水平。已有的研究多从植物体本身出发，忽略了微生物在植物吸收和转运锑方面可能扮演的角色和作用。相关文献和我们的预研究都表明AM真菌在植物吸收锑方面可能具有重要作用，但其影响效应和作用机理仍不清楚。本项目以锑的富集植物苎麻和从野外苎麻根际土中筛选出的对锑有抗性的AM真菌为材料，通过室内接种和非接种对比实验明确AM真菌对植物吸收积累锑的影响效应，并进一步通过分室培养、TEM/SEM-EDAX、x射线吸收精细结构光谱(XAFS)、菌丝吸附实验等技术从直接作用（菌丝吸收）和间接作用（影响植物生理生态、根际理化环境、锑在根土微界面的环境行为等）两方面综合探讨AM真菌对锑在土壤-植物系统中迁移转化的作用机理。旨从微生物的角度解释植物对锑的吸收和转运机制，同时为AM真菌-植物修复技术应用于锑污染修复奠定理论基础。

中文关键词： 锑；丛枝菌根真菌；迁移转化；多样性；

英文摘要： The environment behavior of antimony, especially the transformation mechanism in soil-plant system, is still unclear. The mechanism about plant how to absorb and transfer antimony still stay in the level of inference and hypothesis, then it also become one of the bottlenecks about how to apply the restriction phytoremediation technology to antimony pollution soil. Studies found that mycorrhizal plants can enrich a lot of antimony, our field survey results in the early period also shows that antimony content in plant in positive correlation with the AM fungi infection rate. So we estimate AM fungi plays an important role in the uptake of antimony by plants, but the effect and mechanism are still not clear.This project intends to illustrate the effect of fungi AM, which is resistant to antimony, on the adsorption and accumulation of antimony to antimony-enrichment plant ramie through the indoor inoculation and non-inoculation controlled trials. And the influence mechanism of AM on absorption and accumulation of antimony to plant is investigated directly and indirectly by means of techniques such as chamber culture, TEM/SEM-EDAX, hyphae adsorption experiment, and XAFS. This project aims to explain the absorption and transport mechanism of antimony to plant in terms of microbes, and provides theoretical basis for th

英文关键词： antimony；arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi；migration and transformation；diversity；