河流交汇区段洪水调配利用阈值研究

项目名称： 河流交汇区段洪水调配利用阈值研究

项目编号： No.51209030

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 水利科学与海洋工程学科

项目作者： 刘建卫

作者单位： 大连理工大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 河系下游交汇处水系较为发达，形成了较多的储水空间，为洪水资源利的措施之一"河段分蓄与河系洪水资源调配"创造了实施条件。在有利的地理条件下，结合水文资料分析，制定不同来水组合下的调配方案，可为该区域内洪水资源利用提供技术保证，有效规避风险、提高洪水资源利用率。其中，首先应分析交汇河流水文系列的差异性，寻找两河互济的补偿特性与规律；其次，探明河流各断面与河段的水位、流量等要素对两河互济的影响机理，确定洪水在断面与河段中主要因素的阈值；然后，将其有效应用于系统水量分配方案制定与实施过程管理中。本项目以嫩江与洮儿河两河交汇处的吉林省白城市为实例，主要开展以下三个问题的研究：1)交汇河流水文时序分布的同异性与补偿特性分析，可利用洪水类型的频率、控制点水位、流量与时机的确定；2)基于动态过程的河段洪水特征要素选择与对应时机下的可用洪水量等阈值的确定方法；3)基于风险与效益分析的单元蓄量决策与优化分蓄模

中文关键词： 交汇区段；洪水资源利用；分蓄模型；演变规律；阈值

英文摘要： The floodwater allocation with reaches is one of the measures of floodwater utilization, which can be put into effect due to the abundant water space at the confluence of the mainstream and the river system downstream of the tributary.According to the superior geographical conditions and hydrologic data, the flood allocation schemes provide technical support for the flood utilization. Therefore, the risk of flood is avoided effectively and the utilization rate of flood resource is promoted.Firstly, the differences of hydrological series of the mainstream and tributary are analyzed in order to explore the compensation features and rules between them; secondly, the influence principles of the reaches' water level and flow acting on the compensation features are verified, which can confirm the threshold of flood in each reach; finally, these information are used in the flood allocation schemes and implementation process effectively.Taking Baicheng region, where located at the confluence of Nen Jiang and Tao'er River in Jilin Province, for instance, the main research are divided into three parts: (1) the analysis of compensation features of hydrological temporal distribution between the mainstream and tributary, which can be determined by the flood frequency threshold; (2) the option of flood characteristic elements

英文关键词： confluence zone;；floodwater utilization；flood detention model；evolution law；Threshold