水稻去甲基化酶基因ROS1在细条病抗性中的调控作用研究

项目名称： 水稻去甲基化酶基因ROS1在细条病抗性中的调控作用研究

项目编号： No.31501085

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 遗传学与生物信息学、细胞生物学

项目作者： 谢小芳

作者单位： 福建农林大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 甲基化是植物生长发育过程中的重要表观遗传修饰形式。对拟南芥的研究表明，由DNA去甲基化酶基因调控的甲基化水平在植物抗病防卫中具有重要作用，但有关调控机制还有待深入研究。细菌性条斑病（简称细条病）是水稻中一种重要的检疫性细菌病害，危害严重时可造成大幅减产。水稻的细条病抗性属于水平抗性，目前对其遗传基础的了解还主要局限在QTL水平上。本研究拟从DNA甲基化角度出发，研究去甲基化酶基因ROS1在水稻细条病抗性中的调控作用和机制。研究结果将有助于加深对水稻细条病抗性遗传基础的了解，为水稻细条病抗性育种提供依据。同时，还可为植物抗病性的表观遗传研究提供参考。因此，在理论上和实践上都具有重要意义。

中文关键词： 水稻；细菌性条斑病；表观遗传；去甲基化；水平抗性

英文摘要： Methylation is one of epigenetic modifications, which plays an important role in the normal growth and development of plants. The research on arabidopsis thaliana shows that DNA demethylation plays an important role on plant disease resistance. However, the defense mechanism of plant disease is very complicated, the exact regulation of DNA demethylation during the defensive process is not clear, it needs to be further studied. Bacterial leaf streak (BLS), caused by pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. Oryzicola, is one of the most destructive diseases in rice. Studies have shown that BLS resistance in rice is quantitatively inherited, controlled by multiple quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of small effect. In the present study, the regulatory mechanism of methylation level control by ROS1 gene and rice resistance to bacterial leaf streak would be discoverd. The completion of this study is expected to explore defense genes to bacterial leaf streak and pathways which regulation by ROS1 gene in rice, reveal the mechanism of active demethylation for resistance controlled by ROS1 gene. More importantly, this study provides a demonstration to the study of plant disease resistance.

英文关键词： rice;bacterial leaf streak;epigenetic ;demethylation;horizontal resistance