胚乳在水曲柳种子热休眠调控中的作用及其生理机制解析

项目名称： 胚乳在水曲柳种子热休眠调控中的作用及其生理机制解析

项目编号： No.31670639

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2017

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 张鹏

作者单位： 东北林业大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 种子次生休眠在自然条件下是广泛存在的，它给农林业生产带来相当多的问题。目前已知高温、低氧、低水势等因素可诱导种子产生次生休眠，但这些因素诱导种子次生休眠的生理机制尚不清楚。本课题以前期研究中的发现——水曲柳种子热休眠的诱导与胚乳的存在密切相关这一现象为着眼点，针对现有研究中存在的问题提出假设：胚乳型种子的胚乳在诱导和解除种子次生休眠过程中可能通过生理状态的变化与胚发生作用参与休眠调控。为验证和完善该假设，以水曲柳种子为材料，分析种子热休眠诱导与解除过程中胚乳和胚的生理状态变化及作用关系，揭示ABA、GA等激素在此过程中的调控作用。旨在揭示胚乳型种子热休眠诱导和解除过程中胚乳通过何种途径发挥休眠调控作用，并阐明其参与休眠调控的关键生理机制。从而丰富种子次生休眠的调控理论，科学地指导农林业生产实践。

中文关键词： 种子热休眠；胚乳；激素调控；转录组测序；差异表达基因

英文摘要： The secondary seed dormancy is widely existed in the natural conditions, which brings a lot of problems to the agricultural and forestry production. At present, high temperature, low oxygen, low water potential and other factors can induce secondary dormancy, but the physiological mechanism of these factors inducing secondary dormancy is not clear. This subject based on previous research findings, the phenomenon that Fraxinus mandshurica seed thermodormancy induction is closely related to the existence of endosperm, as the starting point. In view of the problems existing in the existing research, the hypothesis is proposed: the endosperm of the endosperm type seed may act through physiological state changes on embryo involving in dormancy regulation in the induction and release of secondary seed dormancy. To validate and improve the hypothesis, Fraxinus mandshurica seeds were selected as research materials, the changes in the physiological state and the acting relationship of embryo and endosperm in the process were analyzed during induction and release of thermodormancy, the regulation function of ABA and GA were revealed in this process. The objective of this research is to reveal the role of the endosperm in the process of thermodormancy induction and release for endosperm type seed, and to clarify the physical mechanism involved in dormancy regulation. In order to enrich the secondary dormancy regulation theory, practice of agriculture and forestry science.

英文关键词： Seed thermodormancy;endosperm;hormonal regulation;RNA-seq;differentially expressed genes